Test 1
①TheUnited States operates under a federal system of government. ②Underthe federal system, ③power is divided between the central governmentand the states. ④The central government is given specific powers.⑤Thesepowers are named in the Constitution.⑥Powers that are notassigned to the central government in the Constitution belong to the states.⑦Thecentral government can pass laws that affect trade between states.⑧Thecentral government can also make treaties with foreign countries. ⑨Ithas the power to print money. ⑩However, the states have many powers that thecentral government cannot control. ?For example, a state is allowed to tax people who live andwork in the state. ?The central government cannot put a limit on the amount ofmoney that a state taxes its people.?Under the Constitution, all states are treatedequally. ?The laws of the central government do not favor one stateover another.
【难点点评】
(1) 句④中注意specific的拼写，意思为“明确的，具体的”。
(2) 句⑤中注意powers前面的限定词为these,谓语为被动语态are named，同时注意Constitution的拼写，意为“宪法”,此处特指美国宪法，所以首字母大写。
(3) 句⑥中注意Powers后面使用了that引导定语从句,同时注意assigned的拼写。
(4) 句?中注意举例时，主语使用了单数a state，所以句子最后的介词短语in the state中state使用单数形式。
(5) 句?中注意词组put a limit on“对……加以限制”，其中a不要漏掉。另外注意taxes使用了动词单数形式。
(6) 句?中注意The laws of 使用了连读，听力时注意区分。
Test 2
①Many suffer from shyness.②In order to give other people a chance to know more about you, ③you need to get over it. ④First, make decisions not tohold back in conversations.⑤What you have to say is just as important as what other people say.⑥And don’t turn down partyinvitations just because of your shyness. ⑦Second, prepare yourself for being with others in groups.⑧Make a list of the goodqualities you have.⑨Then make a list of ideas, experiences,⑩and skills you would like toshare with other people. ?Think about what you would like to say inadvance. Then say it. ?Third, if you start feeling self-conscious in a group, ?take a deep breath and focus yourattention on other people. ?Remember,you are not alone. ?Otherpeople are concerned about the impression they are making, too. ?Don’t be afraid to speak up and give yourpoint of view.
【难点点评】
(1) 句①中注意shyness的拼写。
(2) 句⑦中注意being with others中with不要漏掉。
(3) 句⑧中注意the goodqualities中，使用了定冠词the,且qualities使用了名词复数形式,在这里指“品质，特点”。
(4) 句?中注意“self-conscious”的拼写，在这里意思是“害羞的，不自然的”。
(5) 句?中注意too前面需使用逗号。
(6) 句?中注意point of view中使用了连读，of不要漏掉。
Test 3
①Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon?②Many people feel this way afterlunch.③They maythink that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. ④However, the real reason liesinside their bodies.⑤At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, ⑥ your body temperature goesdown.⑦This is whatmakes you slow down and feel sleepy. ⑧In many parts of the world, people take naps in the middle of theday.⑨This isespecially true in warmer climates,⑩where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. ?Researchersare now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. ?A dailynap gives one a more rested body and mind ?and therefore is good for health in general. ?If you do not haveenough time, try a short nap ?—even ten minutes of sleep canbe helpful.
【难点点评】
(1) 句①中注意结尾使用问号。
(2) 句③中注意sleepiness拼写，不要把字母i写成y。
(3) 句⑥中注意temperature的拼写。
(4) 句⑨中注意especially的拼写，同时注意，warmer使用了比较级形式。
(5) 句?中注意a more rested body and mind中使用了不定冠词a, body andmind 在这里指“身体和心灵”,为单数形式。
(6) 句?中注意使用破折号开头，是对前面第?句的具体说明。
Test 4
①As time approaches the 21st century,②the automobile has become our major source of masstransportation.③However,along with this necessity comes the issue of pollution to the environment. ④Finding an alternative sourceof energy to power these transportation vehicles is an obvious way of solvingthis problem. ⑤Oneof the prominent alternatively fueled vehicles yet brought up is the electriccar. ⑥It was saidthat electric vehicles may be up to 98 percent cleaner than gasoline-poweredvehicles, ⑦sincewhat these electric vehicles discharge is only water.⑧ Another major problem of amotor vehicle is that when its life dies out, ⑨it will be dumped to a yard of thousands of oldbroken cars.⑩Thiscould cause oil, lead, and battery acid to enter the ground and causepollution. ?However, the lead in the batteries of electric vehicles is in a verystable form ?and they do not risk contaminating the area.
【难点点评】
(1) 句③中注意necessity的拼写，-s-双写成-ss-。
(2) 句④中注意an alternative source的拼写，不要把不定冠词an漏掉。同时，注意vehicles的拼写。
(3) 句⑤中注意prominent和词组brought up的拼写,其中，brought是bring的过去式。bring up提出来。
(4) 句⑧中注意motor的拼写，后缀以-or结尾，不要写成-er。
(5) 句?中注意contaminating的拼写。contaminate“弄脏，玷污”，接在risk后面，需使用动名词形式。