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第一部分 历年真题
2014年成人高考高中起点升专科、本科《英语》真题及详解
一、语音知识(共5小题；每题1.5分，共7.5分)
在下列每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同,找出这个词。
1.A. gift
B. goat
C. gather
D. general
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】general读['d?en(?)r(?)l]，其中划线部分“g”读[d?]，其他三项划线部分均读[g]。gift读[g?ft]；goat读[g??t]；gather读['g?e?]。
2.A. head
B. beach
C. feather
D. bread
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】beach读[bi?t?]，其中划线部分“ea”读[i:]，其他三项划线部分均读[e]。head读[hed]；feather读['fee?]；bread读[bred]。
3.A. monitor
B. bicycle
C. alive
D. mind
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】monitor读['m?n?t?]，其中划线部分“i”读，其他三项划线部分均读[ai]。bicycle读['ba?s?kl]；alive读[?'la?v]；mind读[ma?nd]。
4.A. police
B. polite
C. potato
D. population
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】population读[p?pj?'le??(?)n]，其中划线部分“o”读[?]，其他三项划线部分均读[?]。police读[p?'li?s]；polite读[p?'la?t]；potato读[p?'te?t??]。
5.A. birth
B. thank
C. bathe
D. thought
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】bathe读[be?e]，其中划线部分“th”读[e]，其他三项划线部分均读[θ]。birth读[b??θ]；thank读[θ??k]；thought读[θ??t]。
二、词汇与语法知识(共15小题；每题1.5分，共22.5分)
从每小题的四个选择项中，选出最佳的一项。
6. The teacher told his students that the earth______ round like a ball.
A. is
B. was
C. be
D. had been
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：老师告诉他的学生：地球像球一样圆。地球是圆的，这是个客观事实，当陈述客观事实时，用一般现在时，即用is。
7. It's truly a beautiful place, ______ I don'twant to live here.
A. as
B. so
C. and
D. but
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：这里确实是个很美的地方，但我不想住在这里。前半句说这里很美，后半句说不想住在这里，可知，中间是转折连词but。
8. The doctor told Mr. White that he couldn'tget better if he didn't ______ drinking.
A. give away
B. give out
C. give up
D. give in
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】句意：医生告诉怀特先生，如果他不戒酒，他就无法好转。由句意知，怀特先生无法好转是和不能戒酒相关的，即放弃、戒除喝酒。give away：泄露；失去；赠送。give out：分发；公布；停止运行。give up：放弃；投降；把…让给；戒除。give in：屈服；投降；让步；交。
9. It was a pity that he missed the meeting______ in London last month.
A. held
B. to hold
C. to be held
D. having held
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：他很遗憾错过了上个月在伦敦召开的会议。本句是过去时，会议是上个月召开的，即已经过去了，应用hold的过去时held。
10．—Hello, Jim! May I ask you a question?
—______.
A. Right
B. Certainly
C. No, thanks
D. Never mind
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：—你好，吉米！我可以问你个问题吗？—当然可以！right，意为“对的，正确的”，用于赞同某人的观点或看法。certainly意为“当然可以”，用于对别人的请求作出肯定的回答。“no, thanks”意为不，谢谢。当别人向你提供某项服务或者某种东西时，作出的某种委婉的拒绝。never mind：没关系，不要介意。用于安慰别人。
11. He left for New York ______ I could saygoodbye to him.
A. as
B. until
C. since
D. before
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：我还没来得及跟他道别，他已经去纽约了。before意为“在…之前”，符合逻辑。as：像…一样；由于；同时，当…时；尽管。until：到…为止，在…以前；直到…才。since：自从…以来；自从…的时候起；既然；因为。
12. John is ______ tallest student among ______whole class.
A. the; the
B. the; a
C. a, the
D. a; a
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：约翰是全班同学中个子最高的。最高级前面用定冠词the，约翰是特定的、确定的某个班里的学生，表确定、特指时用the，而不用a。
13. The ship ______ at 8:30, but it is almost 9:30now.
A. must have arrived
B. would have arrived
C. could have arrived
D. should have arrived
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：这艘船应该八点半到的，可是现在已经九点半了。由后半句可知，船现在还没到，排除AB，由前面的八点半可知，本来应该是八点半到的，因为一些原因，到现在都九点半了还没到。所以是should have arrived。should havedone：本来应该做某事而实际上没有做。
14. He asked me how often I went back home ______a visit when I was at college.
A. on
B. to
C. for
D. with
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】句意：他问我上大学的时候多久回一次家。for a visit是固定搭配，意为去哪到访一次，去哪参观、游览一次。
15. Mary was looking for a shop ______ she couldbuy some chocolate.
A. that
B. who
C. which
D. where
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：玛丽在找一个商店，然后买点巧克力。本句是一个状语从句，shop是表地点的先行词，所以用where。
16. I can't ______ you that I'll be able to come,but I'll do my best.
A. ask
B. advise
C. promise
D. answer
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】句意：我不能保证一定会来，但我会尽量的。后半句由but连接，可知前面是说不确定会不会到，应该是我不能确定或者保证。ask：询问；需要；要求，请求；邀请。advise：通知，报告；提议，建议。promise：允诺，许诺；给人以…的指望或希望。answer：答复；解答；答辩；适应。
17. Do you want to change this lamp for ______ ordo you want your money back?
A. other
B. another
C. other one
D. the others
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：你是想换一个灯泡还是退钱给你？换一个，是换另外一个，即another。other：别的；其他的；（两个中的）另一个；其余的，后面需要加一个名词或者代词，不能单用。other one：另一个，用的时候前面需要加the。the others：其他的，剩下的，本题只是换一个，不是其他的全部。
18. Please tell him ______ my train will arriveand ask him to pick me up.
A. when
B. how
C. what
D. whether
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：请转告他，我这列车快到的时候让他来接我。由题意知，当车将要到的时候才能来接我，即是时间状语从句，用when。
19. I ______ any job I like since I came to thiscity.
A. don't do
B. didn't do
C. haven't done
D. wouldn't do
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】句意：自从我来到这个城市，我从来没有做过自己喜欢的工作。工作是过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态，对现在造成了影响，所以本句是现在完成时，用haven't done.
20. Every Friday evening George will sit quietlyin the chair, ______ his favorite TV show.
A. watch
B. watching
C. to watch
D. watched
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：每周五晚上，乔治都会静静地坐在椅子上看他最喜欢的电视节目。后半句与前半句之间没有连词，只有一个逗号，而坐在椅子上和看电视是同时进行的动作，所以看电视是伴随状语，即用动词的ing形式。
三、完形填空(共15小题；每题2分，共30分)
通读下面的短文，掌握其大意。然后，从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳选项。
As a boy I dreamed of flying airplanes. (21) I told Dad I wanted to be a pilot, he said, "You need to do yourjob well on the farm first, and (22) you may realize your dream." The farmwas an everyday responsibility (职责)—that (23) Saturday, Sunday and Christmas too. Everymorning,I got up at four o'clock to milk and (24) the cows. After the milk wasbottled, my older brothers and I (25) it to people's homes. I was paid fivecents a bottle. At that time I (26) that to be successful you have to takecare of your responsibilities.
When I was 16, I signed up for flying lessons.To pay for the lessons I (27) a small restaurant with some friends.Oneof our regular (28) was the president of the Farmers Bank. Every(29) I got, I talked to him about my dream.One day I told him I (30) $3,500 to buy my own (31) . He lent me the moneyso that I could fly people within 150 miles of the airport.
Twelve years later I was flying people around the world (32) a pilot of a big airline company. Afterten years in the company I started my own (33) .
Today I run a billion-dollar company, but it was on the farm that Ilearned the principles (原则) that have (34) me. Hard work and determination do (35) dreams come true.
21.A. When B. Though C. Before D. Since
22.A. now B. still C. again D. then
23.A. spent B. meant C. wasted D. followed
24.A. pull B. feed C. save D. ride
25.A. sent B. posted C. offered D. returned
26.A. replied B. agreed C. learned D. warned
27.A. opened B. borrowed C. built D. visited
28.A. friends B. passengers C. neighbors D. customers
29.A. day B. hour C. chance D. place
30.A. needed B. prepared C. received D. collected
31.A. car B. bus C. truck D. plane
32.A. by B. as C. to D. for
33.A. job B. area C. business D. journey
34.A. guided B. pressed C. reminded D. excited
35.A. put B. make C. take D. see
【答案及解析】
21.A句意：当我还是个小男孩时，我就梦想着有一天能去开飞机。当我把这个想法告诉父亲的时候，父亲告诉我，我得先把在农场的工作做好，然后才能去实现自己的梦想。所以，这是一个时间状语句，用when。
22.D句意：先把农场的工作做好，然后再去实现梦想。then：然后，接着。now：现在。still：仍然。again：再一次，重新。
23.B句意：农场的工作是每天的职责，那意味着每天都要去工作，周末、圣诞节也一样。That meant…：那就意味着。符合逻辑，其他都不合适。spend：花费；消耗；花（时间）；度过。waste：浪费；徒劳。follow：跟随，接着。
24.B句意：我每天早上四点起床去挤牛奶、喂奶牛。feed cow喂奶牛，挤完奶再喂它，符合逻辑，其他都不合适，pull：拉；扯。save：搭救。ride：骑。
25.A句意：牛奶挤满了一瓶，我和哥哥们就把牛奶送到人们家里。send sth to some places：把某物送到某地。
26.C句意：那时，我明白了一个人想要成功就得先做好自己的本职工作。learn sth．：懂得了什么事，明白了什么，认识到。reply：回应，作出反应。agree：同意，赞同。warn：警告，告诫；通知。
27.A句意：当我16岁时，我报了飞行课程，为了筹学费，我和几个朋友合开了一家餐馆。开餐馆：open a restaurant。
28.D句意：来我餐馆的常客之一是农业银行的董事长。friend：朋友。passenger：乘客；行人。neighbor：邻居。customer：顾客。
29.C句意：只要一有机会，我就会告诉他我的梦想。我不可能每个小时或者每一天，又或者在每个地方都跟他有说话的机会，即有机会说话的时候，我才跟他说起我的梦想。
30.A从后面得知，那个银行的董事长借了钱给我，所以我之前应该是需要钱，但没有那么多钱。need money，需要钱。
31.D句意：我的梦想是开飞机，所以我想自己买飞机。
32.B句意：12年后，作为一个大航空公司的飞行员，我开着飞机载着人们满世界地飞。as：作为，以…的身份；如同。by、to、for均无此用法。
33.C由最后一段第一句得知，我今天正经营者一家数十亿身家的公司，可知，我在航空公司工作了十年之后，我开始创业。start a business：创业。
34.A句意：我在农场工作时学到的原则指导着我，在人生的道路上越走越远、越来越成功。guide me：指导着我。
35.B 句意：艰苦的工作和做出的每一个正确的决定使我的梦想得以实现。make dreams come true：实现梦想。
四、阅读理解(共15小题；每题3分，共45分)
阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项。
A
Once a month, just after sunset, trucks fill an outdoor parking lot inLos Angeles, California. Some trucks sell all kinds of food.Others haveclothing for sale.These are known as fashion (时尚) trucks.
It's really fun to go through everything in the truck. The back of thetruck is a small store. Clothing hangs on one side. Jewelry (首饰) and purses are on the other.Thestore looks colorful and is well organized. There is also a very small room fortrying on clothes.
Jordana Fortaleza is one of the truck owners. She says the cost ofowning a truck is much lower than paying for a store. And there is anotherreason to use a truck. You can take your business to your customers. But there arealso difficulties.
The biggest problem is the weather.In winter, it's cold outside andthere's no one around. Another problem is keeping the truck in good condition. Whenit breaks down, the repairs can take days. Business stops during the time. Ithappens at least once a year because her truck is 38 years old.
Meagan Rogers is a fashion school graduate. She says the job market is sohard now, but with a fashion truck she's able to start earning money while herclassmates are still working without pay.
36. Which of the following is an advantage of afashion truck?
A. It costs less than a store.
B. It has a small room in it.
C. It attracts more customers.
D. It needs repairs once a year.
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】第三段前两句话，Jordana Fortaleza说买一辆卡车比租一间店铺便宜。
37.What do we know about Meagan Rogers?
A. She hasn't finished her school.
B. She has problems with her truck.
C. She has started making money.
D. She is happy to help her classmates.
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】第五段介绍了Meagan Rogers，她是一名时尚大学的毕业生，即已经完成了学业，A项错误。文中没有提及她的卡车是否有问题，B项错误。文中也没有提及她很乐意帮助同学，故D项错误。她说目前就业前景不好，因为拥有一辆时尚卡车，别的同学还在无薪工作时，她已经开始赚钱了。因此答案选C。
38.What would be the best title for the text?
A. How to Start a Clothes Store.
B. Fashion Trucks in Los Angeles.
C. Tips for Repairing Your Truck.
D. The Story of a Fashion School.
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】本文主要是讲洛杉矶的时尚卡车，并未提及如何开服装店、如何修卡车以及时尚学校等。
B
Body language is of great importance to humans.We carry many of themeanings through body movements. However, many forms of body language we considerto be fine in our country can get us into trouble in other parts of the world.
A smile is one of the most common examples in different countries. WhileAmericans smile freely at strangers, in Russia this is considered strange andeven impolite. In Asian countries a smile isn't necessarily an expression ofjoy but it can be used to express pain.
The acceptable physical distance is another major difference. In LatinAmerica and the Middle East the acceptable distance is much shorter than whatmost Europeans and Americans feel comfortable with. Hand and arm movements as aform of body language are also very different among countries. Handshakes areusually acceptable almost everywhere, even between strangers； however, kissing on the cheek and touching on the shoulder or otherbody parts aren't. For many people in Asia and other parts of the world. Suchactions are seen as a violation (侵犯) of one's personal space. This iswhy you should not touch others easily.
Eye contact (目光接触) is one of the forms of body language where the differences are moststriking. In America and Latin America looking the other person in the eye is asign of respect. But in Asian countries, prolonged (过长的) eye contact is especially rude, soyou should try your best not to do that.
39.To humans, body language is .
A. funny
B. strange
C. important
D. uncommon
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】文章开头就说，肢体语言对人类非常重要。
40. In which place is smiling at strangersconsidered impolite?
A. Asia.
B. Russia.
C. The U.S.
D. Latin America.
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】第二段说笑容在不同的国家有不同的意义。美国人可以在陌生人面前很轻松地展开笑容，但如果在俄罗斯，这样就会让人觉得很奇怪，甚至是不礼貌的。
41. Which form of body language is acceptablealmost everywhere?
A. Shaking hands.
B. Keeping a short distance.
C. Kissing on the cheek.
D. Touching on the shoulder.
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】第三段第三句：Handshakes are usually acceptable almost everywhere, even betweenstrangers。句意：握手礼几乎是全球通用的，即使是陌生人之间也可以握手。
42. What does striking in the fourth paragraphmost probably mean?
A. Easy to notice.
B. Difficult to accept.
C. Interesting to read.
D. Impossible to remember.
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】第四段继续讲述目光接触在东西方的区别。在美国和拉丁美洲，目光接触代表着一种尊重。而在亚洲国家，长时间的眼神注视是一种粗鲁的行为，应该尽量避免。可见，这两种区别很大，甚至是完全相反的，所以很容易辨别。easy to notice，很容易注意到，即很容易辨别这差别，符合文意。difficult to accept，不容易接受。不同的国家和地区有不同的文化和习俗，这是众所周知的，所以对于目光接触的区别也就可以接受。interesting to read，读起来很有趣。不符合文意。impossible to remember，不可能记住。两者之间存在这样大的差别，应该很容易记住。
C
Recently, more than 2,000 high school teachers have been asked aboutthe effect of the Internet on their students. Teachers say the Internet has hada good influence (影响) and a not-so-good influence onthis generation.
Three quarters of the teachers say the Internet and search tools havehad a great effect on their students' research habits and skills. But 87percent agree that this young generation don't know about hard work and can'tstay attentive (注意力集中的) for long.And 64 percent say theInternet does more to distract (使分心) students than to help them intheir studies. Many students think "doing research" just means doinga quick search on Google.
According to the teachers, one problem is that students trust too muchof the information on the Internet. These students have not developed skills tojudge the quality of the information.It's something that really has to betaught and paid attention to.It's like everything else. In a world where thingscan happen quickly, you really need to have a way to step back, think and make judgment about theinformation you have. And teachers can do a lot to teach that.
Another problem is that being able to quickly find information keepsthe students from working hard.They become dependent on search tools and do notmake enough use of printed books. Many teachers are also afraid that theInternet makes it easy for students to copy work done by others.
43. What does the text mainly discuss about theInternet?
A. Its influence on school teachers.
B. Its effect on high school students.
C. Its success in high school teaching.
D. Its achievements in school research.
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】本文主要讲述了互联网和搜索引擎对高中生学习习惯、学习态度的影响。
44. What is the percentage of the teachers whothink the students need hard work?
A. 64%
B. 70%
C. 75%
D. 87%
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】第二段，75%的老师认为互联网和搜索引擎对学生的学习习惯和学习技能有很大影响。87%的老师说现在这一代学生不知道刻苦学习、也无法长时间地集中注意力。即87%的老师认为学生需要通过刻苦学习来掌握知识。
45. What should be taught to students accordingto Paragraph 3?
A. How to do research on the Internet.
B. How to pay attention to their studies.
C. Ways to improve their research habits.
D. Skills to judge the quality of information.
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】第三段讲述了老师们所担心的一个很重要的问题：现在学生过分相信网络上的信息，但他们无法辨别信息的真假，这是一个需要老师注意的问题，老师应该教他们去识别信息的真假。
46. What will happen when students depend toomuch on search tools?
A. They won't make good use of books.
B. They won't copy work done by others.
C. Their studies will be greatly improved.
D. Their attention to things will last longer.
【答案】A
【解析】最后一段讲述了另一个比较严重的问题，越来越快地搜寻到所需要的信息使学生不再刻苦钻研答案。他们越来越依赖搜索引擎，而纸质版的教科书却被丢弃在一边，无人问津。
五、补全对话(共5句：每句满分为3分，共15分)
根据中文提示，把对话中缺少的内容写在答题卡相应题号后。这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句号的地方，用陈述句，打问号的地方，用疑问句。
提示：Jane把包忘在了公交车上,她来到公交失物招领处寻找，一位女士接待了她。
(Jane=J; Woman=W)
W: Can I help you?
J: Yes, I hope so. I left my bag on a bus this morning.
W: 51 ?
J: Bus No.16.
W: 52 ?
J: It's a middle-sized white bag.
W: 53 ?
J: My purse and keys.
W: 54 , please?
J: Jane Smith.
W: All right, you can come again tomorrow morning and see what we'vegot here.
J: OK. 55 .
W: You're welcome.
【答案及解析】
51.which bus did you take
根据Jane的回答，16号公交车，可知这位女士问的是她早上乘坐的是哪路公交车。
52.What does the bag look like
根据下文Jane对她的包的描述，可知这位女士问的是她的包是什么样子的。
53.What's in the bag
下文Jane说钱包和钥匙，可推断女士询问了她包里装了些什么。
54.What's your name
下文Jane说她是Jane Smith.可知，女士又问了她的名字。
55.Thanks / Thank you
下文女士跟她说不用客气，可推测Jane跟她道谢了。
【参考译文】
女士：我能为你做什么?
Jane：是的，我今天早上把我的包落在公交车上了。
女士：你今早乘坐的是哪辆公交车？
Jane：16号公交车。
女士：你的包是什么样子的?
Jane：是一个中等大小的白色包包。
女士：你的包里装了些什么?
Jane：我的钱包和钥匙。
女士：好的，你叫什么名字呢？
Jane：Jane Smith。
女士：好的，你明早再过来看看。
Jane：谢谢你。
女士：没关系。
六、书面表达(满分30分)
假设你是李华，请用英语写一封信邀请Mike参加你和朋友在颐和园的周末野餐，并告诉他你将负责面包、水果和饮料。具体安排如下：
自带物品
自己最喜欢的一道菜
集合地点
学校北门公交车站
出发时间
星期日早上8点
注意：词数应为100左右。
Dear Mike,
______.
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear Mike,
How are you doing recently? My friends and I plan to have a picnictogether in the Summer Palace this coming weekend. We'd like to invite you tocome and join us. Each of us is expected to prepare a favorite dish for thepicnic. And I will get enough bread, fruit and drinks ready for all of us. Wehave decided to meet at the bus stop near the north gate of our school at 8 o'clockthis Sunday morning. Please let me know if you can come.
Yours,
Li Hua