学习海豚宝贝，自己做一篇阅读理解

本人09年考研在从没担心过的英语上挂了。这几日，看了海豚宝贝的阅读理解的教程，很是感慨：原来自己的差距真不小啊！

海豚宝贝一篇文章只读5，6句话，即每段的主题句——往往是每段第一句。有的主题句不是第一句，就多读几句。有的完全是引出话题的段落干脆就不读。这样做能节省大量的时间，也可以避免掉进陷阱。后面的问题要是问到了，再看也不迟。

学着做一篇，我选的是07年的TEXT 1。
Text 1


If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.

What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.

Anders Ericsson, a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.” Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment, nearly 30 years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training, his digit span had risen from 7 to 20,” Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.”

This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.

Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or, put another way, expert performers—whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming—are nearly always made, not born.

21. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to

      A. stress the importance of professional training.

      B. spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup.

      C. introduce the topic of what makes expert performance.

     D. explain why some soccer teams play better than others.

22. The word “mania” (Line 4, Paragraph 2) most probably means

      A. fun.           B. craze.         C. hysteria.        D. excitement.

23. According to Ericsson, good memory

A. depends on meaningful processing of information.

B. results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises.

C. is determined by genetic rather than psychological factors.

D. requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration.

24. Ericsson and his colleagues believe that

A. talent is a dominating factor for professional success.
     
B. biographical data provide the key to excellent performance.

C. the role of talent tends to be overlooked.

D. high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture.

25. Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries to convey?

     A. “Faith will move mountains.”       B. “One reaps what one sows.”

   C. “Practice makes perfect.”           D. “I like father like son.”

If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.

What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.
第一段，第二段都是叙述故事，引出话题，不读。

Anders Ericsson, a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.” Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment, nearly 30 years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training, his digit span had risen from 7 to 20,” Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.”

第三段第一句就是这一段的主题句。后面的就是论证而已，可以不读。

This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome。
这一段也是第一句就是主题句，别的不读。

Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer.   They gather all the data they can, not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers.   Their work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated.  Or, put another way, expert performers—whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming—are nearly always made, not born.

第一句是一个叙述性的句子，显然不是主题句。第二句同理也不是，还得读下去。第三句很明显冒号后面就是的了。

下面就开始做题了。21. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to
A. stress the importance of professional training.
B. spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup.
C. introduce the topic of what makes expert performance.
D. explain why some soccer teams play better than others.
讲故事是干什么的，引出话题。所以选C。



22. The word “mania” (Line 4, Paragraph 2) most probably means
A. fun. B. craze. C. hysteria. D. excitement.

猜词题。我们可以根据近义词，反义词去猜。
看看原句吧。soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak  of soccer mania;所以选B。



23. According to Ericsson, good memory
A. depends on meaningful processing of information.
B. results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises.
C. is determined by genetic rather than psychological factors.
D. requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration

第三段我们所读的第一句   This success led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one

话可以排除B，C。  A，D怎么判断呢？后面还有一个 In other words，通过 In other words之后的话就能知道A是正确的。


24. Ericsson and his colleagues believe that
A. talent is a dominating factor for professional success.
B. biographical data provide the key to excellent performance.
C. the role of talent tends to be overlooked.
D. high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture.

最后一段一开头就是Ericsson and his colleagues 后面的a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. 就是答案。A与原文矛盾。B也是。C正确。D没提到，属于编造的。



25. Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries to convey?
A. “Faith will move mountains.” B. “One reaps what one sows.”
C. “Practice makes perfect.” D. “I like father like son.”

刚才讲的a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. 也是全文的主旨。A，信念能移动大山   和原文表达的意思有差别，原文讲的不是信念，而是后天的努力。
     B，One reaps what one sows.”有点像，但是这也包括了不努力，就不成功的意思，原文没讲到。
    C. “Practice makes perfect.”正确，原文就是在讲练习，后天的努力。
    D. “I like father like son.”与原文矛盾。

THE END.

不错不错！
鼓励啊
呵呵

特意来顶你的帖子的哦啊

22题 我弄错了 实在是不应该啊

23题 我也弄错了 选成D了