我的想法仅来自于下面这段话(我比较懒)
(http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2008/10/23-02.html)
For the first experiment, psychologist Lawrence Williams of the University of Colorado, Boulder, recruited 41 undergraduate students. When they walked into the laboratory, they were casually asked to hold a hot or cold cup of coffee for a moment. They were then given a brief fictional description of "Person A" and asked to rate 10 personality traits based on this summary. The students weren't aware that holding the cup was part of the experiment, but the "effect is quite meaningful and astonishing," says Williams. Those who held hot cups were more likely to assign positive traits, such as "generous," "caring," or "sociable" to Person A than those who held the cold cups.
我可以质疑这个实验结果,质疑的点在于:例子中,被试要求手捧一杯冷/热咖啡,但是他们并不知道他们手中的咖啡实际上实验者设计好的,也就是说被试并不知道捧咖啡是实验中的一个关键变量。那么我在想如果被试知道了咖啡的作用,会不会还会出现这样的结果呢?