During this period the Eastern and mid Western areas of the United States were in the process of rapid industrialization. The population was rapidly increasing and many Americans found themselves living in large cities. The West, however, was still largely untouched and a frontier lifestyle persisted. There were few social institutions and the role of government was limited.（41）.
[D] Westerns are often thought to be crude and simple as they paint a romanticized and unrealistic portrait of the American West of the time.
[E] Because of the changes occurring in the more densely settled regions of the United States, the lifestyle of the West was of considerable fascination to both Americans and foreigners.
② 某自然段的大意。包含局部信息的选项不能成为主旨题的答案。包含自然段大意的选项干扰性很强， 做题时尤其应该留神。
(2) 范围过宽
这是指选项包含的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容，过于笼统。
(3) 陌生概念
陌生概念是指从文章本身无法推断出来的信息， 即文章中未提到、找不到语言依据的信息。
（二） 逻辑关系题
1. 逻辑关系题题型举例
(43）There were also crablike creatures， whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs， one pair for walking on the sandy bottom， the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes， often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet.
[E] The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forma are more complex， and among these are the sealilies， relations of the starfishes， which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed， or to rocks.
[F] When an animal dies， the body， its bones， or shell， may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud.If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud.More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.
题解：
该题的解题关键是注意also所表达的并列关系， 所以该题选E。
2. 逻辑关系题之因果条件题
（1） 因果条件题题型举例
Vegetables and chicken cost more when they have been cut into pieces by someone other than the one who buys it. A family should expect to pay more when several “TV dinners” are taken home from the store. These are fully cooked meals， consisting of meat， vegetables， and sometimes desert， all arranged on a metal dish. The dish is put into the oven and heated while the housewife is doing something else. Such a convenience costs money. (44）
[A] Thus， as economists point out： “Some of the basic reasons for widening food price spreads are easily traceable to the increasing use of convenience foods， which transfer much of the time and work of meal preparation from the kitchen to the food processor’s plant.”
[B] They are among the “middlemen” who stand between the farmer and the people who buy and eat the food. Are middlemen the ones to blame for rising food prices?
② 文章中细节性的条件关系——通常由一些表示条件关系的词汇手段表达： 如 depend upon （取决于）， determine （决定）等。
（三） 例证题
1. 例证题题型举例
As well， there are 2，000 transmitter towers around Australia， many in high density residential areas.
[E] For example， Telstra， Optus and Vodaphone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard the need of the community. The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.
[F] The conclusion is that mobile phones brings more harm than benefit.
题解：
根据towers的复现关系， 选择E为正确答案。这是一道典型的例证题。
2. 例证题应试技巧
例证题为7选5题型的常考点之一， 所以阅读时对于for example， for instance， such as， as 等引出的例子可以注意， 划下这几个提示词， 以便做题时查找。由于阅读文章大都是说明文和议论文， 所以文章中举出一些例子无非是为了说明一定的道理。无论例子在原文的何处出现， 这个例子之前或之后不远处通常都有一句总结说明性的话， 这句话是例子所说明的观点，因此是解题的关键， 要特别关注。
3. 表达例证题的注意事项
（1） 词汇衔接手段 illustrate （例证）， give an example （举例）， verify （证实）， for instance（例如）， for example （例如）。
(44）Of these， the ammonites are very interesting and important.They have a shell composed of many chambers， each representing a temporary home of the animal.As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one.Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast.
[A] The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.
[B] Nevertheless， we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils. From them we can tell their size and shape， how they walked， the kind of food they ate.
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