下面来阅读。得阅读得天下,而这40分是比较好拿,做这个我可以跟专八的同学比,虽然她英语能力比我强不知多少,但是阅读理解的得分差距应该不会很大的。我做真题阅读没有低于32,一般在36左右浮动。因为“阅读考试”跟英语能力关联不是很大,而跟考试能力有关系,而考试能力短期是可以提高的。所以,对于英语比较差点的朋友,可以在这里下刀子,搞它的软肋。要杀个牛不容易,但是找准软肋也不是那么难。上面总结了一些规律,可能很多朋友觉得都是些理论无法操作,那这里通过07年真题,演习最真的做题过程。
对于阅读,我先说两句。每个人的做题方法和思路都不一样,不管哪种做题方法,什么思路,正确率高才是正道。我的做题方法是先看题干,读两遍,并把关键词划出来,然后看一遍选项。为什么这么做呢?因为这样看了之后已经可以猜出文章要谈论的信息了,而且看了问题可以知道阅读的侧重点,我想这样是可以提高效率的。当然有的题干有提供信息,有的没有,但是没有的信息一般给出位置的
下面来做题。
21. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to说生日现象,例子用来干吗?这种题不能急着就例子答,要看下文,例子是用来干吗的
[A] stress the importance of professional training.
[B] spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup.
[C] introduce the topic of what males expert performance.
[D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others.
22. The word “mania” (Line 4, Paragraph 2) most probably means(猜词,没给信息,在第二段前打个勾,代表有题P2L4)这个词如果背过好答,如果没有背过,根据文章的描述是可以猜出来的,初步判断A和D太接近,可能两个都不是答案,当然先看文章后才最后定论。
[A] fun. [B] craze. [C] hysteria. [D] excitement.
23. According to Ericsson good memory(根据E**说好记忆力)这里注意,对于外国人的名字有时候不认识,但是不要管他,知道它的首字母就行。
[A] depends on meaningful processing of information.决定于有意义的信息
[B] results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises.是intuitive的结果而不是cognitive exercises。
[C] is determined by genetic rather than psychological factors.由genetic决定而不是psychological factors
[D] requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration.需要什么等等
24. Ericsson and his colleagues believe that(E和他同事都认为)也是不提供信息的题干
[A] talent is a dominating factor for professional success.
[B] biographical data provide the key to excellent performance.
[C] the role of talent tends to be overlooked. talent的作用将被忽视
[D] high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture.注意看:成功来自nurture而不是nature.按照谨慎项是答案的原则来看,这个是疑似答案来的,可以在旁边做个标记。
25. Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries to convey?文章中心类的题目,要看完全文才能做定论
[A] “Faith will move mountains.” [B] “One reaps what one sows.”
[C] “Practice makes perfect.” [D] “Like father, like son”
从读题干和选项来看,我们已经掌握了一些信息,文章用了球星生日的例子,还谈论了记忆和成功的因素等等。带着问题去看文章。
If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006\'s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk elite soccer later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.(奇怪现象)
What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills. b) winter-born bathes tend to have higher oxygen capacity which increases soccer stamina. c) soccer mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania. d) none of the above.(四个对现象的解析,可扫描略读)对于C有题要自己分析mania.的意思。怀孩子,在每年的peak of soccer mania。Peak是顶峰的意思。peak of soccer mania是啥意思呢?把22题里的四个选项代进来看看,C还不懂什么意思呢。不过B狂热是非常接近的,A兴趣D激动么有B好。那22就选B
Anders Ericsson,(要找的人出场了,看他怎么论述memory) a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.” Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment nearly years ago, involved memory出现了下面要细读: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject. after about 20 hours of training his digit span had risen from 7 to 20,” Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.”(他强调了training)
This success coupled with later research showing that memory itself as not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. 这种结构一定要清楚,看强调的是前还是后,考试的时候很容易给你前后颠倒一下。 In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully,(有意义的信息,前面23题的答案出来了) Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice.(出来了答案出来了deliberate practice )Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.解析刻意的训练是什么。
Ericsson and his colleagues (要找的人出来了)have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not just predominance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own lavatory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated(这个词不认识,估计是过度强调的意思). Or, put another way, expert performers whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming are nearly always made, not born.是人造的不是天生的,是训练出来的。至此,好多题目可以做了
回头看21,生日的现象主要是引入主题,训练对于记忆对于成功都是非常重要的。主要是E他认为d) none of the above.
[A] stress the importance of professional training.强调专业训练,这个选项迷惑大了,例子没有强调专业训练,而是下面E教授的实验才强调训练的作用,这里主要是引入主题,选C。
[B] spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup. Spotlight我不知道准确的意思,但是这里例子通过全文可知道是用来引入主题的
[C] introduce the topic of what males expert performance.
[D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others.并不是用来解析这个的。
23. According to Ericsson good memory(根据E**说好记忆力)这里注意,对于外国人的名字有时候不认识,但是不要管他,知道它的首字母就行。按照刚才的阅读,这里比较好做
[A] depends on meaningful processing of information.决定于有意义的信息
[B] results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises.明显颠倒了事实
[C] is determined by genetic rather than psychological factors.由genetic决定而不是psychological factors这个也不对。
[D] requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration.需要什么等等
这里A和D的迷惑有点大,A说决定于有意义的信息过程什么的,文章第四段how well each person “encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully,D说需要什么什么,而且其内容和第四段类似,但是是断章取义的。选B是无疑的啦。
24. Ericsson and his colleagues believe that(E和他同事都认为expert performers whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming are nearly always made, not born.是人造的不是天生的,是训练出来的。所以应该选D的。这里注意nurture不要粗心看成nature
考试的时候对于题干和选项是不能读错的。验证了一开始的标记。
25.如果读完全文,这个就很好做了。选C,全文都在强调训练的重要性。“Practice makes perfect.”
最后核对一下答案,CBADC。ABCD都出现,应该对的几率比较大。填写答题卡
Text 2
继续读题干
26. Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test?(文章可能涉及智力测试,题干问智力测试要求干吗)
[A] Answering philosophical questions.(回答心理还是哲学?有点忘记了,反正就是问题)
Folding or cutting paper into different shapes.(切的纸不同形状之类)
[C] Telling the differences between certain concepts.(概念区分)
[D] Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones.(选词或句子)
27. What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph 3?(推断题,题干没信息,在第三段前打勾)这种题是比较难的
[A] People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.不再使用IQ成绩作为indicator of intelligence。
[B] More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.(网络上有多个IQ测试的版本)
[C] The test contents and formats for adults and children may be different.(成人和小孩内容有区别)
[D] Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.(科学家定义了重要的元素)
28. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high as vos Savant\'s because(为什么没有这个人高)等下在文章中要着重关注v S这个人
[A] the scores are obtained through different computational procedures.(成绩获得来自不同过程)
[B] creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now.(现在强调创造力)
[C] vos Savant\'s case is an extreme one that will not repeat.(特例,这样的解析应该不能成为答案,可以作个叉的记号,预先排除)
[D] the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.(定义已经改变)
29. We can conclude from the last paragraph that(也没提供信息,在最后一段前打勾,有题)没有提供信息的题干,选项是要认真读的。
[A] test scores may not be reliable indicators of one\'s ability(测试成绩作为人的能力的indicators不可靠)
[B] IQ scores and SAT results are highly correlated.两种考试有关联
[C] testing involves a lot of guesswork.涉及许多猜测
[D] traditional tests are out of date.(这种一般不能成为答案,预先做个叉的标记排除)
30. What is the author\'s attitude towards IQ tests?作者的态度。
[A] Supportive.支持的
[B] Skeptical.怀疑的
[C] Impartial.公正的
[D] Biased.(这种一般不能成为答案,预先打叉)
A和C两个比较接近,可能两个都不是答案。要看完再做定论。
整个文章应该是讲IQ的测试的,注意测试的时候需要什么?有什么测试方式,为什么现在测试成绩没有V S这个人高?作者对IQ测试的态度是怎样的。
For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old; that gave her an IQ of 228-the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to 这里是答案了complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, What\'s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? It\'s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.
已经可以做26题。文中提到complete verbal and visual analogies, envision paper after it has been folded and cut, B可以排除了。
26. Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test?(文章可能涉及智力测试,题干问智力测试要求干吗)
[A] Answering philosophical questions.(回答心理还是哲学?有点忘记了,反正就是问题)A也不对。
[B] Folding or cutting paper into different shapes.(切的纸不同形状之类)
[C] Telling the differences between certain concepts.(概念区分)
[D] Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones.(选词或图象)
CD究竟是哪个呢?C是下面那个例子的内容,而D是对complete verbal and visual analogies的改写。改写的一般都是答案。所以选D。
Clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it means to be smart? How much of intelligence can be specified, and how much can we learn about it from neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?
这里打了勾有题。细节题The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though 注意语气IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms: the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (both come in adult and children\'s version)括号和破折号一般都是解析的,前面那些名词不要管,知道是成年和小孩版本就行。 Generally costing several hundred dollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible, because 答案出来了,题干有问为什么没有VS的成绩高的。scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age pecks, rather tan(这里应该是than的吧我手头只有沪友上传的版本) simply dividing the mental are by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests, such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests.
28. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high as vos Savant\'s because(为什么没有这个人高)等下在文章中要着重关注v S这个人
[A] the scores are obtained through different computational procedures.(成绩获得来自不同过程)
[B] creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now.(现在强调创造力)
[C] vos Savant\'s case is an extreme one that will not repeat.(特例,这样的解析应该不能成为答案,可以作个叉的记号,预先排除)
[D] the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.(定义已经改变)
Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age pecks,这个是答案。对照选项A应该是最好的。B的创造力这里没有说到。D的定义改变也没有说到。选A。
27. What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph 3?(推断题,题干没信息,在第三段前打勾)这种题是比较难的,这种推断题一般文字跟文章雷同的不是答案,而概括性的是答案。
[A] People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.不再使用IQ成绩作为indicator of intelligence。文章没有说不再使用,首句分明说仍然使用。排除A
[B] More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.(网络上有多个IQ测试的版本)这个没有提到只是说成绩没有VS那么高了而已。
[C] The test contents and formats for adults and children may be different.(成人和小孩内容有区别)文章说有两个形式,那么我们可以推知他们的内容应该是不同的。C是答案。
[D] Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.(科学家定义了重要的元素)because后面没说重新定义。
就选C吧。
Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg.读的时候一定要宏观把握,前面讲IQ测试,这里转入argues,我们在阅读的时候一定要把握语气。 In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”。 Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge缺陷出来了,答案出来啦, components also critical to problem solving and life success. Moreover, IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership sills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but阅读的时候BUT要重点圈出来under high-stress conditions. IQ was negatively correlated with leadership-that is it predicted the opposite. Anyone who bas toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it‘s knowing when to guess or what questions of skip.
29、30可以做了。
29. We can conclude from the last paragraph that(也没提供信息,在最后一段前打勾,有题)没有提供信息的题干,选项是要认真读的。
[A] test scores may not be reliable indicators of one\'s ability(测试成绩作为人的能力的indicators不可靠)最后一段举例来说明缺陷。而且谨慎的may一般会成为答案。
[B] IQ scores and SAT results are highly correlated.两种考试有关联。最后一段没有说到他们有关联,只是说通过SAT人还有matters。
[C] testing involves a lot of guesswork.涉及许多猜测。
[D] traditional tests are out of date.(这种一般不能成为答案,预先做个叉的标记排除)
只要把握住首句,就知道本段是说这种测试的缺陷的。
下面的30题也就可以轻松得出。选C。对这种测试的态度是怀疑的,用了一大段来论述不足之处。不过C很容易被误选,因为可能会觉得这样的评价是公正的。但是态度是公正说不过去,而且最主要最后举了一些例子IQ was negatively correlated with leadership-that is it predicted the opposite. 可以看出怀疑还是比较好的选择。
30. What is the author\'s attitude towards IQ tests?作者的态度。
[A] Supportive.支持的
[B] Skeptical.怀疑的
[C] Impartial.公正的
[D] Biased.(这种一般不能成为答案,预先打叉)
最后总结答案DCAAB。ABCD都有,正确的可能性比较高,填答题卡。