1212年,国子监采用朱熹注《论语》和《孟子》;
1227年,国子监决定《四书》全部采用朱熹注;
1271年,建立蒙古国子学,以许衡为祭酒,恪遵朱说;
1287年,建立国子学,读《四书》、《五经》,纯取周、程、张、朱之说;
延祐间(1314-1320)行科举,专立德行明经科,《四书》、《五经》以程、朱注解为主,定为国是,而曲学异说悉黜之。
第十四讲 金元时期的中国社会
三、经济发展
1、存在“十三、四世纪的转折”吗?
Mark Elvin, The Pattern of the Chinese Past, pp. 203-204:
(1)The most important change was probably that an economy in which an expanding frontier had played an important part begun, in terms of people and resources, to “fill up”.
(2)The Chinese economy was temporarily denied much-needed supplies of foreign silver, and Chinese society became inward-looking.
(3)Interest in systematic investigation was short-circuited by a reliance on introspection and intuition. There were therefore no advances in science to stimulate and advances in productive technology.
第十四讲 金元时期的中国社会
2、宋末至明初江南的例证