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目录 封面
内容简介
目录
第一部分 历年真题
2014年全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题及详解
2013年全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题及详解
2012年全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题及详解
2011年全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题及详解
2010年全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题及详解
第二部分 章节题库
第1章 词汇选项
◆动 词
◆名 词
◆形容词
◆副 词
◆固定词组
第2章 阅读判断
◆科普科研类
◆经济商业类
◆天文科技类
◆教育文化类
◆资源环境类
◆机构组织类
◆医疗健康类
第3章 概括大意和完成句子
◆科普科研类
◆天文科技类
◆历史地理类
◆人物记述类
◆教育文化类
◆资源环境类
◆医疗健康类
第4章 阅读理解
◆科普科研类
◆经济商业类
◆天文科技类
◆历史地理类
◆教育文化类
◆资源环境类
◆医疗健康类
◆社会生活类
第5章 补全短文
◆科普科研类
◆经济商业类
◆教育文化类
◆人物记述类
◆政治法律类
◆资源环境类
◆医疗健康类
第6章 完形填空
◆科普科技类
◆经济商业类
◆教育文化类
◆资源环境类
◆医疗健康类
◆社会生活类
第三部分 模拟试题
2015年全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级模拟试题及详解（一）
2015年全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级模拟试题及详解（二）
内容简介
??职称英语理工类C级考试题库包括历年真题、章节练习和模拟试题三部分。具体如下：
??第一部分为历年真题。精选5年（2010～2014年）考试真题，考生既可以体验真实考试，也可以测试自己的水平。每道真题均提供名师详细解析。最新历年真题，可免费升级获得。
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??第三部分为模拟试题。由职称英语（理工类）辅导名师根据历年命题规律及热门考点进行考前预测，其试题数量、试题难度完全仿真。
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第一部分 历年真题
2014年全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题及详解
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题l分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。
1. Take some spare clothes incase you get wet.
A. fine
B. winter
C. outdoor
D. extra
2. Afterwards there was just afeeling of let-down.
A. excitement
B. anger
C. calm
D. disappointment
3. The AIDS convention willbe held in Glasgow.
A. conference
B. party
C. celebration
D. union
4. The new service helped boostpre-tax profits by 10%.
A. return
B. realize
C. increase
D. double
5. Some comments are just invitingtrouble.
A. asking for
B. keeping out of
C. getting into
D. suffering from
6. His knowledge of French isfair.
A. very useful
B. very limited
C. quite good
D. rather special
7.The book raised a storm of controversy.
A. damage
B. voice
C. doubt
D. argument
8.My principal concern is to get the job done fast.
A. serious
B. main
C. deep
D. particular
9. Lack of space forbids further treatment of thetopic here.
A. receives
B. deserves
C. accepts
D. prevents
10. He made a number of rude remarksabout the food.
A. comments
B. signs
C. manners
D. noises
11. They are trying to identifywhat is wrong with the present system.
A. prove
B. discover
C. consider
D. imagine
12. His heart gave a sudden leapwhen he saw her.
A. hope
B. jump
C. silence
D. life
13. The worst agonies of thewar were now beginning.
A. parts
B. aspects
C. pains
D. results
14. I’m sure I’ll be able to amusemyself for a few hours.
A. entertain
B. treat
C. hold
D. keep
15.Several windows had been smashed.
A. cleaned
B. broken
C. replaced
D. fixed
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）
下面的短文列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提到的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的信息是错误的，请选择8；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
So Many’ Earths’
The Milky Way(银河) contains billions of Earth-sized planets thatcould support life. That’s the finding of a new study, it draws on data thatcame from NASA’s top planet-hunting telescope.
A mechanical failure recently put that Keplerspace telescope out of service. Kepler had played a big role in creating acensus of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its data have been helpingastronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. The telescope focusedon hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.
The authors of a study, published in TheProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, conclude that between 14 and30 out of every 100 stars, with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun, mayhost a planet that could support life as we know it. Such a planet would have adiameter at least as large as Earth’s, but no more than twice that big. The planetalso would have to orbit in a star’s habitable zone. That’s where the surfacetemperature would allow any water to exist as a liquid
The new estimate of how many planets might fitthese conditions comes from studying more than 42,000 stars and identifyingsuitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate(推算) to the rest of the stars that the telescopecould not see.
The estimate is rough, the authors admit. Ifapplied to the solar system, it would define as habitable a zone starting asclose to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet isEarthlike(although either might have been in the distant past). Using tighterlimits the researchers estimate the between 4 and 8 out of every 100sunlike starscould host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take 200 to 400 daysto complete a yearly orbit.
Four out of every 100sunlike stars doesn’t soundlike a big number. It would mean, however, that the Milky Way could host morethan a billion Earth-sized planets with a chance for life.
16. The Kepler space telescope hasbeen in service for 15 years.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. The main task of the Kepler spacetelescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earth’s.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. The planet that could supportlife might be a little bit smaller than Earth.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The Earth is a planet orbitingin the Sun’s habitable zone.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. The new finding is based on athorough study of 170,000 stars in the Milky Way.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. The estimate of the number ofplanets that could support life is not very accurate
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. This is the first research findingabout the planets with a chance for life.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题l分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第l～4段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
Pathways toResearch: Problem-solving
1 Pittsburgh’smany hills aren’t kind to bikers. Anyone hoping to pedal to work there has to contendwith steep streets like Canton Avenue, which famously climbs at a nearly 40-degreeangle. As a result, some residents avoid biking altogether.
2 But University of Pittsburgh graduate Micah Toll, 23, and a fewfriends recently launched an invention that they hope will increase the city’spedal power: An electric bike called a Pulse PEVO. A super-strong batterypowers the bicycle. Able to hit nearly 20 miles per hours without pedaling, itzips up the city’s most daunting(令人却步的)hills.Toll hopes it will persuade people in Pittsburghand else where to get out of their cars and onto bikes.
3 If it sounds like Toll has a knack(窍门) for fixing problems, that’s because he does.In high school, he designed a new type of construction beam. It weighs no morethan a feather pillow but can be used to build sturdy(坚固的)homes for refugees fleeing war or naturaldisaster. For his work, Toll was invited to attend the Intel InternationalScience and Engineering Fair(ISEF)—twice, in 2006 and2007.The annual competition for young researchers is a program of Society for Science &the Public(that’s the parentorganization of Science News for Kids). Toll says that when it comes toscience, he keeps it simple: “You see a problem and say, ‘How could I solvethat?’”
4 He’s not the only one to take that approach.Many young researchers get their start by trying to solve a problem or fulfilla need in their own communities. When students dedicate themselves to finding asolution that may benefit their community, “a passion is ignited(点燃),” says Wendy Hawkins, executive director ofthe Intel Foundation, which sponsors Intel ISEF. “Finding that passion andfostering it can be the key to many students, future success.” she says.
23.Paragraph 1 _____.
24. Paragraph 2 _____.
25. Paragraph 3 _____.
26. Paragraph 4 _____.
| A. Intel International Science and Engineering Fair
B. The Enthusiasm for Solving Problems
C. The Young Researchers’ Passion
D. An Invention Increasing Pedal Power
E. Why People Avoid Biking in Pittsburgh
F. The Cause of National Disaster
|
27.A Pulse PEVO is powered with _____.
28.Toll hopes his Pulse PEVO will encourage people to _____.
29. A new construction beam invented by Toll weighs like_____.
30. Many young researchers are finding solutions toproblems that may _____.
A. a nearly 40-degreeangle
B. get on bikes
C. a feather pillow
D. fix more problems
E. a super-strong battery
F. benefit their community
|
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。
第一篇 Approaches to UnderstandingIntelligences
It pays to be smart, but we are not all smart inthe same way. You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a goodreader. Each of us is different.
Psychologists disagree about what isintelligence and what are talents or personal abilities. Psychologists have twodifferent views on intelligence. Some believe there is one generalintelligence. Others believe there are many different intelligences.
Some psychologists say there is one type ofintelligence that can be measured with IQ tests. These psychologists supporttheir view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind oftest for mental ability do well on other tests. They do well on tests usingwords, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, andwritten or oral tests. Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on alltests.
Studies of the brain show that there is abiological basis for general intelligence. The brains of intelligence peopleuse less energy during problem solving. The brain waves of people with higherintelligence show a quicker reaction. Some researchers conclude thatdifferences in intelligence result from differences in the speed andeffectiveness of information processing by the brain.
Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the HarvardSchool of Education, has four children. He believes that all children aredifferent and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test. Although Gardner believes generalintelligence exists, he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of aperson outside of formal schooling. He thinks that the human mind has differentintelligences. These intelligences al- low us to solve the kinds of problems weare presented with in life. Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences.Gardnerbelieves that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of allof our intelligences.
Gardner says that his theory is based on biology. Forexample, when one part of the brain is injured, other parts of the brain stillwork. People who cannot talk because of brain damage can still sing. So, thereis not just one intelligence to lose. Gardner has Identified 8 different kindsof intelligence: linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal,intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic (身体动觉的),and naturalistic.
31.What is the main idea of this passage?
A. How tounderstand intelligence.
B. The importanceof intelligence.
C. The developmentof intelligence tests.
D. How to becomeintelligent.
32. Which of the following statements is true concerninggeneral intelligence?
A. Most intelligentpeople do well on some intelligence tests.
B. People doingwell on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.
C. Intelligentpeople do not do well on group tests.
D. Intelligentpeople do better on written tests than on oral tests.
33. Gardnerbelieves that _____.
A. children havedifferent intelligences
B. all children arealike
C. children shouldtake one intelligence test
D. there is nogeneral intelligence
34. According to Gardner,schools should _____.
A. test students’IQs
B. train studentswho do poorly on tests
C. focus on findingthe most intelligent students
D. promotedevelopment of all intelligences
35. Gardnerthinks that his theory has a _____.
A. musicalfoundation
B. biologicalfoundation
C. intrapersonalfoundation
D. linguisticfoundation
第二篇
Music is one of the most beautiful forms ofartistic expressions ever invented. In movies and plays, music has an addedfunction: it not only moves people but also can shock people.
Our eardrums can withstand sound within 20 to 80decibels(分贝 ). Once soundexceeds this limit, even beautiful music will become ear-splitting noise andharm health. A strong blast (响声)of high sound can twist and break a solid iron sheet. High sound of 150decibels can kill a healthy rat.
In movies, sometimes the hero can produce asound that ordinary people can’t hear and only those who have the same abilitycan feel. In nature, there is actually sound that is beyond our hearing. Inphysics, the sound that exceeds 20,000Hz is called ultrasonic(超音波的). Dolphins, whales and bats can make such highfrequency sound. It does no harm to health.
Sound less than 20Hz is called infrasonic(次声) waves. When we move, the air will vibrate. Thevibration of air can produce infrasonic waves. As the frequency of infrasonicwaves is close to that of people’s internal organs, infrasonic wave may causeresonance(共振) in human bodies.As a result, people’s vision may weaken and internal organs may rupture(断裂). However, whether an infrasonic wave can beused as a weapon depends on its intensity. If its intensity is very low, itwon’t damage internal organs or a person’s health. If the intensity ofinfrasonic wave exceeds 160 decibels, it is extremely harmful. When wind blowsat a force of 3 or 4 over the sea, it will produce infrasonic waves of severaldecibels. Only typhoons can produce infrasonic waves of over 100 decibels. Atpresent, scientists can only produce infrasonic weapons in the lab with thehelp of advanced scientific tools and powerful electric power.
36.What could be the best title of the passage?
A. The. Power ofMusic
B. The Harms ofNoises
C. The Magic ofSound
D. The Discovery ofInfrasonic Waves
37.What does the author say about music?
A. It may beharmful to people’s health.
B. It always cheerspeople up.
C. It is very oftendifficult to understand.
D. It sounds betterwhen it is loud enough.
38.It is true that the sound _____.
A. of nature is themost beautiful
B. of highintensity benefits animals
C. in movies ispleasing to the ear
D. over 80 decibelsis harmful to people
39.An ultrasonic sound _____.
A. is very loud
B. does harm topeople’s health
C. is produced bythe hero in movies
D. cannot be heardby people
40. It can be found from the last paragraph that infrasonicwaves _____.
A. are harmless topeople’s health
B. exist in people’sinternal organs
C. can be used asdeadly weapons
D. can improveeyesight
第三篇 Compact Disks
If someone says to you your music CDs don’treally hold any music on them, and they only have numbers recorded on them, youmay not believe it. In fact, be is right in that sound is actually recordedonto the CDs as special numbers—a digital code. The code is pressed onto the CDas bumps(隆起) on a long spiraltrack almost five kilometers long. These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns(微米) wide.
A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as theCD turns. The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laserlight bounces back. This lets the CD player turn the reflected light back intothe original code. This means you can hear the original code as music.
Digital codes are used with many technologies.E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers. Space probes(探测仪) commumcate with their ground station on earthusing digital codes. Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems.Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes. Weather radios alsotune in to specific signals using these codes.
There are many types of compact disks. Oneformat is called CD-RWs. Their can be recorded on and re-recorded on(rewrittenon)as you would do with a floppy disk(软盘). Another format is the CD- ROM. The technology forrecording on these disks is different from other CDs. These CDs have a dyelayer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear. The clear and dark spotsare the digital code. CD- ROM stands for Compact Disc—Read Only Memory. Thisdisk is like a “super” floppy disk that can hold lots of information. OneCD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks. Information ispermanently recorded onto it. Computer games and other programs are consideredto be CD-ROMs.
CDs were first sold to the public in 1982. TheseCDs still play well and sound fine. Current CDs are expected to last between 70to 200 years. Of course, you can make sure your CDs last a long time by takingcare of them.
Science keeps on developing. It may not be manymore years before a completely new technology is invented and introduced to thepublic for music recording. In the meantime, there is no doubt you willcontinue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs and playing yourfavorite computer games on CD-ROMs.
41.Music is recorded onto CDs as _____.
A.laser beams
B.digital codes
C. musical notes
D. special sounds
42. E-mail is mentioned in the third paragraph to show_____.
A. the variety ofdigital communications
B. the developmentof new technologies
C. the usefulnessof digital codes
D. the relationshipbetween communication and technology
43. One of the differences between CD-RWs and CD-ROMs is_____.
A. CD-ROMs can beused for longer time
B. CD-ROMs cannotbe rewritten on
C. CD-RWs hold moreinformation
D. CD-RWs aremerely used for music recording
44.CDs can last a long time if _____.
A. they are seldomused
B. they play welland sound fine
C. their users takegood care of them
D. they aredeveloped with new technology
45.It can be inferred from the passage that _____.
A. CD-ROMs are moreexpensive than other CDs
B. new technologyfor music recording is being developed
C. the author likeslistening to music
D. floppy disks areno longer in use
第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
Do You Have aSense of Humor?
Humor and laughter are good for us. There isincreasing evidence that they can heal us physically, mentally, emotionally, andspiritually. In fact, every system of the body responds to laughter in somepositive, healing way. So how can we get more laughter into our lives? _____ (46)Psychologistand author, Steve Wlison, has some answers.
Many people believe that we are born with asense of humor. They think, “either you’ve got it, or you don’t.” Dr. Wilsonpoints out that this is false. _____ (47)
The parts of brain and central nervous systemthat control laughing and smiling are mature at birth. _____ (48)(After all, whena baby laughs, we don’t rush over and say, “That kid has a great sense ofhumor!”) A sense of humor is something that you can develop over a lifetime.
Sometimes people think that they don’t have agood sense of humor because they are not good joke tellers. Dr. Wilson remindsus that telling jokes is only one of many ways to express humor. _____ (49)Thenwe will make others laugh, too.
A person who has a true sense of humor iswilling and able to see the funny side of everyday life. One of the bestdefinition of a sense of humor is “the ability to see the nonserious element ina situation.” Consider this sign from a store window: “Any faulty merchandisewill be cheerfully replaced with merchandise of equal quality.” The storemanager probably placed the sign in the window to impress customers with thestore’s excellent service. _____ (50)As Dr. Wilson says, “a good sense of humor meansthat you don’t have to be funny; you just have to see what’s funny.”
A. He advises us to lose our inhibitions(抑制)and try to laugh at ourselves.
B. Is it possible to develop a sense of humor?
C. However, that does not mean that infants have a sense ofhumor.
D. What is true, however, it that we are born with thecapacity to laugh and smile.
E. Everyone experiences this emotion.
F. He had a serious purpose, but if you have a sense ofhumor, you will probably find the sign funny!
第6部分：完形填空（第51-65题，每题l分，共15分）
下面的短文有，15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定l个最佳选项。
CitizenScientists
Understanding how nature responds to climatechange will require monitoring key life cycle events—flowering, the appearanceof leaves, the first frog calls of the spring—all around the world. Butecologists can’t be _____ (51）so they’re turning to non-scientists, sometimescalled citizen scientists, for help.
Climate scientists are not present everywhere._____ (52）there are so many places in the world and not enoughscientists to observe all Of them, they’re asking for your help in _____ (53）signsof climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages_____ (54）people to ob- serve a very specific research interest—birds,trees, flowers budding, etc.—and send their observations _____ (55）agiant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a smallnumber of scientists track a _____ (56） amount of data thatthey would never be able to gather on their own. _____ (57）likecitizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. _____ (58）that’s needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gatherdata and _____ (59）it in.
A group of scientists and educators launched anorganization last year _____ (60） the National Phenology (生物气候学）Network.“Phenology” is what scientists call the study of the timing of events innature.
One of the group’s first efforts relies onscientists and non-scientists _____ (61） to collect dataabout plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project Bud Burst,collects life cycle _____ (62）on a variety of common plants from across theUnited States. People participating in the project—which is _____ (63）toeveryone—record their observations on the Project Bud Burst website.
“People don’t _____ (64） tobe plant experts—they just have to look around and see what’s in theirneighborhood,” says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with theproject. “As we collect this data, we’ll be able to make an estimate of _____ (65）plantsand communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.”
51. A. everywhere B.anywhere C.somewhere D.nowhere
52. A. If B.Although C.When D.Because
53. A. giving B.showing C.developing D.observing
54. A. special B.professional C.skillful D.ordinary
55. A. on B.at C.to D.with
56. A. small B.limited C.simple D.large
57. A. Very B.Much C.As D.Many
58. A. All B.Any C.Some D.Most
59. A. send B.print C.answer D.keep
60. A. known B.featured C.belonged D.called
61. A. alike B.like C.unlike D.likely
62. A. points B.wonders C.data D.interests
63. A. common B.suitable C.open D.strange
64. A. want B.forget C.mind D.have
65. A. who B.how C.before D.since
参考答案及解析
第1部分：词汇选项
1.D 句意：多带一些衣服，万一你的衣服湿了还可以更换。spare空闲的，多余的。extra额外的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。fine好的。winter冬天，过冬。outdoor户外。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
2.D 句意：此后，一阵失落感袭来。let-down令人失望的人或事。disappointment失望。二者意思相近，可相互替换。excitement兴奋，高兴。anger愤怒。calm冷静，心平气和。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
3.A 句意：艾滋病大会将在格拉斯哥举行。convention大会。conference会议。二者意思相近，可相互替换。party聚会。celebration庆典。union协会。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
4.C 句意：这项新的服务帮助税前利润提高了l0％。boost提高。increase 增加。二者意思相近，可相互替换。return归还。realize意识到。double加倍。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
5.A 句意：一些评论实在是自找麻烦。invite邀请，招致。ask for 寻找，请求。二者意思相近，可相互替换。keep out of置身事外。get into进入。suffer from遭受，忍受。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
6.C 句意：他的法语知识很不错。fair不错的。quite good相当好的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。very useful非常有用的。verylimited非常有限的。rather special非常特别的”。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
7.D 句意：这本书引发了争论热潮。controversy.争论。argument论证，争议。二者意思相近，可相互替换。damage损害。voice(人的)声音。doubt怀疑。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
8.B 句意：我的主要事情就是尽快完成工作。principal主要的，首要的。main主要的，最重要的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。serious严重的。deep深的。particular 特别的。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
9.D 句意：由于篇幅所限，这里不能深入阐述这个话题。forbid禁止。prevent阻止。二者意思相近，可相互替换。receive接受。deserve值得。accept接受。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
10.A 句意：他对这里的食物作了许多无礼的评论。remark评论。comment评价。二者意思相近，可相互替换。sign迹象。manners礼貌。noise噪音。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
11.B 句意：他们正在试图鉴定现行制度出了什么问题。identify鉴定，识别。discover发现，发觉。二者意思相近，可相互替换。prove证明。consider考虑。imagine想象。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
12.B 句意：当他看见她的时候，心猛地一跳。leap跳跃，飞跃。jump跳跃。hope希望。二者意思相近，可相互替换。silence安静。life生命，生活。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
13.C 句意：战争中最深重的苦难现在开始了。agony极大的痛苦。pain疼痛，痛苦。二者意思相近，可相互替换。part部分。aspect方面。result结果。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
14.A 句意：我相信我能自娱自乐几个小时。amuse使愉快。entertain娱乐。二者意思相近，可相互替换。treat对待。hold持有。keep保持。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
15.B 句意：几扇窗户被打碎了。smash打碎。break打破。二者意思相近，可相互替换。clean打扫，使干净。replace代替，替换。fix修理。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
第2部分：阅读判断
16.C 原文第二段第一句说到：“A mechanical failure recentlyput that Kepler space telescope out of service．”（一个机械故障使得开普勒太空望远镜停止了工作。）整段内容对它的作用等进行介绍，并未提及工作了多久。由此可知，本题说“开普勒太空望远镜已经工作了十五年”是毫无依据的。故选C。
17.A 原文第二段最后一句明确说到：“The telescope focused on huntingplanets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth．”（这个望远镜主要用于寻找可能与地球有相似环境的星球。）由此可知，本题的说法是正确的。故选A。
18.B 原文第三段第二句说道：“Such a planet would have adiameter at least as large as Earth’s，but no more than twice that bi．”（这样的行星，其直径至少与地球一样大，但是不超过地球的两倍。）联系前文，这样的行星指的是有生命迹象存在的行星。由此可知，本题说“这个支持生命生存的星球比地球小一点”显然是错误的。故选B。
19.A 原文第三段最后两句明显说道：“The planet also would have toorbit in a star’s habitable zone．That’s where the surface tempera—ture would allow any waterto exist as a liquid．”（这个星球应当是绕着可居住区域旋转，以此保持地表温度从而允许水以液态形式存在。）由此可知，本题说“地球是围绕太阳的可居住区旋转的星球”是符合文意的。故选A。
20.B 原文第四段第一句明确说道：“The new estimate of how manyplanets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42，000stars and identifying suitableworlds orbiting them．”（对于有多少星球能满足这种条件的预估是基于对超过42，000颗星星的研究并确认围绕其周围的适当生存环境而得出的。）由此可知，本题说“新发现是基于对银河系中170,000颗星星的彻底研究得出的”显然是错误的。故选B。
21.A 原文倒数第二段第一句说道：“The estimate is rough，the authors admit．”（作者承认，这种估计是模糊的。）联系全文可知，这种估计指的是对于支持生命存在的行星的估计是模糊的。由此可知，本题说“对于支持生命生存的行星数量的估计并不是非常准确”是符合文意的。故选A。
22.C 原中未提及过“这个对有生命存在几率的研究发现”是首个发现，故此说法为“未提及”的。故选C。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23.E 本段主要介绍的是：匹兹堡的很多山都不适合骑行者。见主旨句第一段第一句。故选E。
24.D 本段主要介绍的是：匹兹堡大学毕业生Micah Toll和他的几个朋友最近正在进行一项发明，希望以此增加城市的骑行外出。见主题句第二段第一句。故选D。
25.B 本段通过举例，主要介绍的是：Toll向来把科学看得简单化。通过第三段最后一句“当你遇到一个问题，就要问自己怎样才能解决问题呢?”，可以看出他把解决问题看成是一种乐趣。故选B。
26.C 本段通过WendyHawkins的话点出了许多Toll这样的年轻研究者成功的秘诀，即第四段最后一句，意为：“找到兴趣点并且培养兴趣将是很多学生通往成功的关键”。故选C。
27.E 文章第二段第三句明确指出，这种自行车上有一个强力的电池。故选E。
28.B 文章第二段最后一句提到，“他希望这样可以劝服匹兹堡和其他地方的人们，脱离汽车，骑自行车出行”。故选B。
29.C 文章第三段第三句明确指出，“他发明了一种新型横梁，重量不超过一个靠枕的重量，但是可以为那些从战争或自然灾害中逃离出来的难民建立一个坚固的家”。故选C。
30.F 文章最后一段第二句提到，“许多年轻人通过解决问题或满足自己社区的需要来开始进行研究”。故选F。
第4部分：阅读理解
31.A 本题考查的是对文章主旨大意的把握。短文第一段提到人各有所长，第二段又开门见山，提出了心理学家对于智力是什么的讨论，下文也主要围绕智力进行探讨。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
32.B 本题问的是哪项是关于普通智力论述的正确说法。短文第三段第二句说到，These psychologist......people who do well onone kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests.由此可知，做心理能力测试成绩较好的人在其他测试表现仍然优异。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
33.A 本题考查的是对于Gardner关于儿童智力想法的把握。短文第五段第二句提到，He believes that all children are different andshouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test.由此可知，Gardner认为所有儿童都是不一样的，不应该用统一的智力测试来测定。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
34.D 本题问的是，根据Gardner的说法，学校应该采取哪项做法。短文倒数第二段最后一句提出，Gardner believes that the purpose of schoolshould be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.由此可知，Gardner坚信学校的目的应当是鼓励智力的全面发展。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
35.B 本题问的是，Gardner认为自己的理论有哪种理论基础。短文最后一段第一句指出，Gardner says that his theory is based onbiology.由此可知，Gardner的理论基于生物学研究。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
36.C 本题问的是以下哪项可以作为文章的标题。考查的是对文章内容的整体把握。整篇文章以sound为中心展开论述，提及最多的单词也是sound。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
37.A 本题问的是，关于音乐，作者有何说法。考查的是作者的观点、态度，可定位至文章第二段第二句，Once sound exceeds this limit, even beautifulmusic will become ear-splitting noise and harm health。由此可知，在声音超过一定限制的情况下，即使是动听的音乐也会成为刺耳的噪音并且有害健康”。也就是说，声音是可能有损人的健康的。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
38.D 本题问的是声音的特点。为细节把握题，可定位至文章第二段第一句，Our eardrums can withstand sound within 20 to 80decibels(分贝 ).由此可知，声音一旦超越这个界限就会对身体有伤害。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
39.D 本题问的是超声波的特点。为细节把握题，可定位至第三段第二、三句，In nature, there is actually sound that isbeyond our hearing. In physics, the sound that exceeds 20,000Hz is calledultrasonic(超音波的).由此可知，自然界确实有一种声音无法被人听见，叫做超声。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
40.C 本题问的是次声波的特点。为细节把握题，可定位至文章最后一段第四句，As......infrasonic wave may cause resonance(共振) in human bodies。由此可知，次声波可能引起人体共振，人的视觉减弱，导致其他感官断裂。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
41.B 本题问的是音乐是以何种形式录制在光盘上的。短文第一段第二句提到，In ......recorded onto the CDs as specialnumbers—a digital code。由此可知，声音是以一种特殊的数字，即数字编码的形式在CDs上记录的。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
42.C 本题问的是第三段提及电子邮件的目的。短文第三段第一句提到，Digital codes are used with many technologies。数字编码被应用于很多技术中，继而提到其在E—mail中的应用。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
43.B 本题问的是CD-RWs和CD-ROMs的区别。为细节把握题，可定位至第四段第二句到五句，Their......Compact Disc—Read Only Memory。由此可知，CD—RWs可以重写，CD-ROM上的记录方法与其他CDs不同。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
44.C 本题问的是在什么情况下，光盘能够长时间使用。文章倒数第二段最后一句提到， you can make sure your CDs last a long time bytaking care of them。由此可知，CDs的使用者如果能够精心使用，那么这些CDs的使用寿命是可以延长的。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
45.C 本题问的是哪项信息是可以从文章中推理出来的。为逻辑推理题。文章最后一段提到作者期望新的技术在音乐保存记录上有更大进步，可以看出他对音乐的喜爱。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
第5部分：补全短文
46.B 空格前一句是问句：“我们如何在生活中拥有更多欢笑呢?”后一句说：“斯蒂芬·威尔逊找到了答案”，故在此空也应当填写疑问句，B项“有培养幽默感的的可能吗？”是对前文所提及内容的继续追问。可见，B项填在此处可使上下文衔接紧密，语意连贯。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
47.D 结合上文，威尔逊指出了错误。false的反义词是true，因而此空继续解释什么才是真实的；同时D项中的衔接词however也点明了空格句与其上一句所形成的对比转折关系。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
48.C 空格后一句说到，幽默感是在后天形成的，故而此句应填写的是幽默感并非与生俱来，如此可与后句语义相连贯。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
49.A 空格前一句说到，讲笑话只是表达幽默感的众多方式之一。后面很可能会提到还有其他表达幽默感的方法。空格后一句又说到，那样，我们也能使其他人发笑。由此可推论，空格处必将谈论表达幽默感会使人发笑的其它方法。B想说，威尔逊博士建议我们释放感情，试着自嘲，填在此处可使上下文语意连贯，符合逻辑。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
50.F 空格前一句提及，商店经理在布置橱窗的时候可能有意想向顾客展示商店的优质服务，下文又说，好的幽默感意味着自己不必有趣，仅仅找到幽默点就可以了。经理做法的目的是严肃的，但他指示牌上的广告却可以令顾客开心一笑，原因在于他找到了幽默点。联系上下文，只有F合适。因此，本题的正确答案为F。
第6部分：完形填空
51.A 词义辨析题。句意：生态学家不可能是无处不在的。只有A项everywhere“到处，处处”符合句意。其它选项的意思均不符合：anywhere任何地方。somewhere某地。nowhere无处。此空也可参考第二段第一句话，everywhere再次出现。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
52.D 语法知识点，考察不同状语从句的引导词。句意：因为世界上的地方太多，并且没有足够的科学家去观察，所以他们正在寻求你的帮助。if引导条件状语从句。although引导让步状语从句。when引导时间状语从句。because引导原因状语从句。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
53.D 词义辨析题。句意：寻求观察全球气候变化的标志，可与前文内容保持一致。只有D项observe“观察”符合题意。其它选项的意思均不符合：give给予。show显示。develop发展。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
54.D 词义辨析题。这些平民科学家就是一些普通人，因而他们的行为对其他的普通人更有影响力和鼓舞力。ordinary普通的。special特殊的。professional职业的。skillful熟练地。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
55.C 固定搭配题。句意：……将他们的研究结果发送给一个巨大的数据库，让专业的科学家再进行观察。send…to发送给……，符合句意。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
56.D 词义辨析题。句意：这一行为帮助少数的科学家完成了大量的数据收集工作。只有D项的large“大量的”符合句意。其它选项的意思均不符合：small小的。limited有限的。simple简单的。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
57.B 词义辨析题。句意：如同平民记者帮助出版行业一样。此处表示“正如……一样”选项B符合句意。其它选项的意思均不符合：very非常。much许多。many大量。
58.A 词义辨析题。无论是平民科学家，还是平民记者，在工作中的共同之处就是“都需要每天或每周花费一些时间用于搜集数据……”。all表示所有，符合句意。其它选项的意思均不符合：any任何的。some一些的。most多数的。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
59.A 词义辨析题。此空需要填的单词与前文gather对应，收集数据，然后将数据发送出去。只有A项send“发送”符合句意。其它选项的意思均不符合：print打印。answer回答。keep保持。
60.D 词义辨析题。句意：科学家与教育家在去年成立了一个名为国际物候学网络的组织。只有D项called“名为，被称作”符合句意。其它选项的意思均不符合：known知名的，表示“名为”，用短语be known as。feature使有特色。belong属于。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
61.A 词义辨析题。此处A项alike“相似的，相同的”表示“以同样的方式”，科学家和非科学家以同样的方式搜集数据。其它选项的意思均不符合：like像，喜欢。unlike不像。likely很可能。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
62.C 词义辨析题。与前文一致，收集数据collect data。其它选项的意思均不符合：point要点。wonder奇观。interest兴趣。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
63.C 固定搭配题，结合语境，该项目是向所有人免费开放的。C项open to’’向……开放”，符合文意。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
64.D 固定搭配题。联系上下文，此句的意思是人们没有必要成为一个植物学家……。B项have to“不得不，必须”，其否定形式don’t have to “不必”。其它选项与to搭配均不符合句意：want to想要。forget to忘记。mind to考虑到。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
65.B 语法知识点，B项how引导的从句作介词of的宾语。句意：我们能够对于植物与动物如何生长做出预估……。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
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