刘意青《简明英国文学史》课后习题详解

下载地址:http://free.100xuexi.com/Ebook/22939.html
目录                                                                                        封面
内容简介、编委
目录
第1部分　古代和中世纪英国文学 (450-1485)
　第1章　古英语时期与《贝奥武甫》
　第2章　中古英语时期与乔叟
第2部分　文艺复兴与莎士比亚 (1485-1616)
　第3章　英国文艺复兴时期文学
　第4章　威廉 莎士比亚
第3部分　17世纪英国文学 (1616-1688)
　第5章　资产阶级革命与弥尔顿
　第6章　玄学派诗人与复辟时期戏剧
　第7章　德莱顿与班扬
第4部分　18世纪英国文学 (1688-1780)
　第8章　古典主义时期
　第9章　小说的兴起
　第10章　前浪漫主义时期文学
第5部分　英国浪漫主义文学 (1780-1830)
　第11章　华兹华斯与柯勒律治
　第12章　拜伦、雪莱和济慈
　第13章　沃尔特 司各特与简 奥斯汀
第6部分　维多利亚英国文学 (1830-1880)
　第14章　维多利亚时期
　第15章　维多利亚时期小说家
　第16章　维多利亚时期诗人
　第17章　维多利亚时期散文家
第7部分　世纪末和现代主义文学 (1880-1930)
　第19章　维多利亚后期至一战
　第20章　现代主义文学
　第21章　两次世界大战间的非现代主义者
第8部分　20世纪中期英国文学 (1930-1990)
　第23章　二战时期的文学
　第24章　战后文学
　第25章　迈向新世纪
                                                                                                                                                                                                    内容简介                                                                                            
　　我国各大院校一般都把国内外通用的权威教科书作为本科生和研究生学习专业课程的参考教材，这些教材甚至被很多考试（特别是硕士和博士入学考试）和培训项目作为指定参考书。为了帮助读者更好地学习专业课，我们有针对性地编著了一套与国内外教材配套的复习资料，并提供配套的名师讲堂、e书和题库。
　　《简明英国文学史》（刘意青主编，外语教学与研究出版社）一直被用作高等院校英语专业英美文学教材，被部分院校指定为英语专业考研必读书和学术研究参考书。为了帮助读者更好地学习这本教材，我们精心编著了它的配套辅导用书（均提供免费下载，免费升级）：
　　1．刘意青《简明英国文学史》课后习题详解
　　2．刘意青《简明英国文学史》笔记和课后习题详解
　　3．刘意青《简明英国文学史》配套题库【名校考研真题+章节题库+模拟试题】
　　作为该教材的学习辅导书，全书完全遵循该教材的章目编排，共分25章，本书对每章的课后思考题均进行了详细的分析和解答，并对相关重要知识点进行了延伸和归纳。
　　与传统图书相比，本书具有以下四大特色：
1．免费下载：无须注册均可免费下载阅读本书　　在购买前，任何人均可以免费下载本书，满意后再购买。下载地址为：http://www.100eshu.com/DigitalLibrary/ajax.aspx?action=Download&id=22939（请复制到浏览器上面打开）。任何人均可无限制的复制下载圣才教育全部1万本多媒体电子书，既可以选择单本下载，也可以选择客户端批量下载。
2．免费升级：更新并完善内容，终身免费升级　　如购买本书，可终生使用。免费自动升级指我们一旦获得最新考试真题，系统立即自动提示您免费在线升级您的产品，您将自动获得最新真题及高清视频。真正做到了一次购买，终身使用。当您的电子书出现升级提示时，请选择立即升级。
3．功能强大：记录笔记、全文搜索等十大功能　　本书具有"记录笔记"、"全文检索"、"添加书签"、"查看缩略图"、"全屏看书"、"界面设置"等功能。
　　（1）e书阅读器——工具栏丰富实用【为考试教辅量身定做】


　　（2）便笺工具——做笔记、写反馈【圣才电子书　独家推出】

　　4．多端并用：电脑手机平板等多平台同步使用　　本书一次购买，多端并用，可以在PC端（在线和下载）、手机（安卓和苹果）、平板（安卓和苹果）等多平台同步使用。同一本书，使用不同终端登录，可实现云同步，即更换不同设备所看的电子书页码是一样的。

　　圣才学习网（www.100xuexi.com）是一家为全国各类考试和专业课学习提供辅导方案【保过班、网授班、多媒体e书、多媒体题库】的综合性学习型视频学习网站，拥有近100种考试（含418个考试科目）、194种经典教材（含英语、经济、管理、证券、金融等共16大类），合计近万小时的面授班、网授班课程。
　　如您在购买、使用中有任何疑问，请及时联系我们，我们将竭诚为您服务！
　　全国热线：400-900-8858（8:30-23:00），18001260133（8:30-23:00）
　　咨询QQ：4009008858（8:30-23:00）

　　详情访问：http://100exam.com/（圣才考研网）
　 　　　　 　　 　　圣才学习网编辑部
                                                                                                                                    本书更多内容>>
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    使用说明                                                                                                   
                                                                                    

内容预览
第1部分　古代和中世纪英国文学 (450-1485)
第1章　古英语时期与《贝奥武甫》
(450～1066)
1. Give an account of the history of England from the Celtic settlementto the Norman Conquest.
Key: In about BC 600 Celts, who inhabited the upper Rhineland,started to migrate to the British Isles, and among them the Britons, a branchof the Celts, came to the Isles in BC 400 to BC 300, from whom Britain got itsname. Later, troops led by Julius Caesar of the Roman Empire invaded theBritish Isles, defeated the Celts and ruled there from BC 55 to AD 407,bringing with them the slave system. At the beginning of the 5th century, the Roman Empire declined and in AD 410 all their troops werewithdrawn.
After the Romans, the Teutonic orGermanic tribes of Angles, Saxons and Jutes moved to live in the British Isles. This happened in about AD 450. They drovethe Celts to Wales, Scotland and Ireland,settled down themselves and named the central part of the island England, that is the land of Angles.
Starting from the late 8thcentury, the Danes from Scandinavia cameplundering the Isles. They were a strong sea people known as the Vikings and atfirst they mainly invaded the eastern coast of England. But soon they pushedinland to plunder the whole country.
The greatest historical eventthat followed was the Norman Conquest of 1066. The Normanscame from Normandy in northern France to attack Englandand won a decisive victory at the battle of Hastings under the leadership of the Duke ofNormandy, usually known as William the Conqueror.
2. How did Christianity came to England? Name the most importantmonasteries of this period.
Key: It was in the year of597 that Pope Gregory the Great of the Roman Catholic Church sent St. Augustine to England to convert theAnglo-Saxons. King Ethelbert of Kentwas the first to be converted and he founded in Kent the Canterbury Abbey. In thenorth, the earlier Christianised Ireland was engaged in sending missionaries tothe Angles.
The monasteries built by them in Northumbria were the earliest civilizinginfluences, and the well- known Northumbrian School in literaryhistory refers to the learned monks in these monasteries.
3. Namesome representative pieces of the Old English poetry.
Key:“Widsith”,“The Wanderer”, “The Seafarer”, The Wife’sComplaint and The Husband’s Message, Beowulfand so on.
4. Name thetwo most important Christian poets of this period.
Key: The two most important Christian poets of this period wereCaedmon and Cynewulf.
5. Analyzethe artistic features of Beowulf, using the quoted passage to illustrate yourpoints.
Key: (1)The most noticeable artistic feature of Beowulf isalliteration. The poem is written in alliterative verse with a caesura in themiddle and two stresses (or accents) in each half. The number of unstressedsyllables in the two halves may vary.
(2)Another peculiar featurecharacteristic of Anglo-Saxon poetry is the frequent use of kennings, topoetically present the meaning of one single word through a compound simile oftwo elements.
(3)The general mood and spirit ofAnglo-Saxon epic poetry is both solemn and animated, the movement of action orevents vigorous, and the descriptions with kennings very picturesque and exact.
(4)There are many other stylisticpoints to notice in Beowulf such as the use of similes, the elevated diction,and the great deal of variation in the style, especially through thesis andantithesis. We also find good use of balance and parallelism.
第2章　中古英语时期与乔叟
(1066-1485)
1. What was the social and class reality of the Anglo-NormanPeriod?
Key: The Normans, who came from the northern part of France,were in origin Scandinavian. They brought with them the French language,customs and culture to England,where they protected their feudal monarchy by a strong military power. Williamthe Conqueror divided the land of England among hisfollowers who became barons, while the defeated Anglo-Saxons worked as serfsand peasants for them and were cruelly exploited and oppressed.
Norman-French was made theofficial language of the state, while English was ignored. But there was no wayto impose a foreign language upon a whole nation without wiping out the greaterpart of the population. The lowly people kept to English and gradually theinvaders were assimilated.
2. Tell thethree divisions of romances according to subject matter and give an example ofthe Matter of Britain.
Key: Romances can be divided according to their subjects intothree groups: Matter of France, Matter of Rome and Matter of Britain.
As the Matter of Britain, one ofits most well-known stories is Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, a piece writtenin about 1375-1400 by an unknown poet.
3. Name twomore well-known writers of this period and their achievements besides Chaucerand his literary works.
Key: John Ball and John Wyclif (c.1320-1384) were well-knownwriters of this period.
John Ball, as we’ve shownpreviously in this chapter, was mainly remembered for his preaching ofequality. Wyctif translated the Bible into English against the rules of thechurch to benefit the common people. His translation was a great contributionand many later translations consulted his version. In his allegorical poem TheVision of Piers Plowman, a poem in the form of dream vision of more than 7,000lines, Langland protests against feudal tyranny and criticises the corruptionof the church.
4.Say as much as you know about Chaucer’s life and works.
Key: To organize your answer according to the textbook.
5.Comment on the artistic features of The Canterbury Tales.
Key: (1)Not only the characters represent the classes they comefrom, but each also possesses an individual personality. The characters are asimportant a part of the poem as the tales told by them. The poet tries to givea comprehensive picture of the English society of his time and arranges topresent a colorful gallery of pilgrims that covers a great range of sociallife.
(2)He is well-skilled in mild andsubtle irony to create humorous effects. He was a broad-minded humanist and hadsympathy for people at large. He treats his characters kindly on the whole,using gentle satire and irony to criticise vanity, ill-manners, deceptivetricks and all sorts of follies and human weaknesses.
(3)Although the story-tellers arevery different and the stories are diverse, a unity is achieved through thedevice of the framed story that is Chaucer’s invention of a pilgrimage as theoccasion of all the story-telling and thus makes it realistic. The pilgrimageframe offers the possibility for comparison and contrast of characters andtheir interplay.
(4)The metrical scheme of The Canterbury Tales is Chaucer’s chiefcontribution to English poetry. He is the poet who introduced to Englandthe rhymed stanzas of many kinds from French poetry, especially the heroiccouplet. He changed the alliterative verse of the Anglo-Saxons to metricalverse which has since been used and developed by generation after generation ofEnglish poets till today.
6.Sum up Chaucer’s achievements and contributions.
Key: Chaucer’s greatest achievements rest with his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales.
Chaucer learned from both Frenchand Latin poetry and then worked out a unique style for the English poetry thathad absorbed nourishments from the more advanced European poetry of the timeand at the same time reserved its Anglo-Saxon poetic features. And the realismand humanistic concerns demonstrated in his works looked forward to the comingEnglish Renaissance. Chaucer’s literary career was also closely related withthe development of English. There were several dialects in the spoken Englishof Chaucer’s time. But because he used the English of the London dialect to compose poetry, it became aliterary language that is a language rich and expressive enough to use forliterary purposes. Today, we call the English used and developed by Chaucer andhis contemporaries Middle English, which was the foundation of modern English.
Quiz
I. Fill in the blanks: (30%)
1. Thefirst settlers of the British Isles were _____, and Britain got its name from a branchof this people called _____. But later they were driven to live in _____, _____and _____.
Key: Celts, Britons, Scotland,Wales, Ireland
2. The _____, _____ and _____were_____ tribes originally living on the Continent .They moved to the BritishIsles and became the ancestors of the _____ people.
Key: Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Germanic/Teutonic, English
3. The most important event of the Old English Period was _____,which took place in the year
Key: Norman Conquest, 1066
4. TheRoman Catholic Church sent _____ to England in 597 _____ the English people toCatholicism.
Key: St. Augustine, to convert
5.Name two poems of this period apart from Beowulf: _____ , and _____.
Key: Any two of the poems of the period mentioned in the text, e.g. Widsith, The Seafarer, The Wanderer,etc.
6. Beowulf is an epic of _____ ines,and it tells the events that took place on _____ before they moved to theBritish Isles.
Key: Alliterative, the Continent
7. After the Anglo-Saxon English took in loan words from_____ and _____ and lost most of its _____ and many of its grammar rules, it was called.
Key: French, Latin, feclions (flexions), Middle English
8. Romancecan be divided into three kinds according to subject matter. They are _____ ,and _____.
Key: Matter of France, Matter of Rome, Matter of Britain
9. Romances of the English subject are tales about _____ and his _____.
Key: King Arthur, Round-Table Knights
10. JohnWyclif was a translator of _____ , William Langland wrote _____ and the mostfamous English ballads are those about _____.
Key: The Bible, [TheVision of] Piers Plowman, RobinHood
Ⅱ. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F):(10%)
1. The two centers of Christian culture in the Old English Periodwas in Canterbury and Northumbria.
Key: T
2. Caedmonbelonged to Northumbrian School, whereas the Venerable Bede was a member ofthe Canterbury Abbey in south England.
Key: F
3.The first English national epic poem is Widsith.
Key: F
4. Old English poetry is distinguished by its use of alliterationand kennings.
Key: T
5. Chaucer is the greatest lyrical poet of the Middle EnglishPeriod.
Key: F
6. The CanterburyTales is Chaucer’s masterpiece, but it is unfinished with only 24 taleswritten.
Key: T
7. ModernEnglish is developed from the Londondialect of the Middle English Period, which is a great contribution made by Chaucerto the English language.
Key: T
8. Most of the English popular ballads have their origin in theFrench folklore.
Key: F
9. The Normans were interested in the Cycle of King Arthurbecause they wanted to prove they were lawful heirs to the Celtic ancestors of Britain.
Key: T
10.Chaucer’s humanistic ideas anticipate the English Renaissance.
Key: T
Ⅲ. Explain thefollowing literary terms: (15%)
1.epic
Key: epic: A long narrative poem recounting in elevated style thedeeds of a legendary hero, especially one originating in oral folk tradition.
2.alliteration
Key: alliteration: the repetition of initial consonant sounds in each verseline, usually two alliterating words in the first half-line and one in thesecond half-line or vise versa, e.g. “True is the tale (caesura) I tell of mytravels, / Sing of my seafaring (caesura) sorrows and woes.”
3.iambic pentameter
Key: iambic pentameter: A common meter in poetryconsisting of an unrhymed line with five feet or accents, each foot containingan unaccented syllable and an accented syllable.
4.romance
Key: romance: a medieval tale based on legend, chivalric love andadventures, or a prose narrative treating imaginary characters involved inheroic, adventurous, or mysterious events remote in time and place
5.ballad
Key: ballad: a short narrative poem in rhythmic verse, often sung byminstrels to the accompaniment of music of the exploits of warriors, theadventures of lovers, mysteries of fairyland, and various humorous incidents
Ⅳ. Choose one fromeach of the following two groups of questions and write a short essay of about300 words to the first and about 500 words to the second: (45%)
Group one：(20%)
1. Give a historicalreview of the Old English Period
2. Say something about thetransition from Old English to Middle English and the historical elements thathad brought about the transition.
Key: 1. The Britons
In about BC 600 Celts, whoinhabited the upper Rhineland, started to migrate to the British Isles, andamong them the Britons, a branch of the Celts, came to the Isles in BC 400 toBC 300, from whom Britain got its name. At the time of migration, the Celticswere tribal people at the early stage of the Iron Age.
2. The RomanConquest
Troops led by Julius Caesar ofthe Roman Empire invaded the British Isles, defeated the Celts and ruled therefrom BC 55 to AD 407, bringing with them the slave system. The Roman reign overBritainwent on for four and a half centuries, but the Britons never ceased fightingagainst them. At the beginning of the 5th century, the Roman Empire declined and in AD 410 all their troops were withdrawn.
3. The EnglishConquest
After the Romans, the Teutonic orGermanic tribes of Angles, Saxons and Jutes moved to live in the British Isles. This happened in about AD 450. They drovethe Celts to Wales, Scotland and Ireland,settled down themselves and named the central part of the island England, that is the land of Angles.They became the masters of Englandand the ancestors of the English people. By the end of the 6th century therehad been established seven Saxon kingdoms in England, and a feudal societygradually replaced the primitive tribal life. And the three dialects spoken bythem naturally grew into a singal language called Anglo Saxon, or Old English,which is quite different from the English we know today.
4. ReligiousBelief
Both the earliest Celtic settlersand the Angles, Saxons and Jutes came to England as heathens. Theyworshipped their own gods that were related to the mythology of Northern Europe. It was in the year of 597 that PopeGregory the Great of the Roman Catholic Church sent St. Augustine to Englandto convert the Anglo-Saxons. King Ethelbert of Kentwas the first to be converted and he founded in Kent the Canterbury Abbey.
Group one：(25%)
1. Analyse thetheme(s) and artistic features of Beowulf
2. Comment onChaucer’s achievements and contributions with examples from his works.
Key: 1) Geoffrey Chaucer’s Literary Achievements
Geoffrey Chaucer, the greatEnglish writer, was born in around 1340 in London.He is regarded as the Father of English literature. His literary career can bedivided into three periods. The first period is the works in French; the secondis in Italian; and the third is in English.
In the phase of French influence,he did translations from French authors, e.g.the famous Romance of the Rose,and experimented with rhythm and structure though mostly following theconventional images and ideas. He favored and wrote allegorical visions andsatires in the manner of the middle Ages. The most significant work of thisperiod is The Book of Duchess (1370),an elegy in which Chaucer uses the vision in a dream as his vehicle to lamentthe death of Blanche, Duchess of Lancaster, and to console her husband andChaucer’s patron, John of Gaunt, the Duke.
In the phase of Italianinfluence, he showed an effort to learn from the Italian great poets such asDante. But the Italian poet who influenced him most is Boccaccio, the author ofDecameron. The House of Fame, TheParliament of Fowls and Troilus andCriseyde (c.1385) are poems of this phase. Among them, Troilus and Criseydeis the most representative, which is a 5-book poem tellingthe tragedy of a young Trojan hero Troilus, who fell in love with Criseyde. Butshortly after they became lovers, Criseyde was returned by the Trojans to herfather, a traitor who had left Troy for the camp of the Greeks. Criseyde fell inlove with the Greek warrior Diomede and Troilus died in a fight with theGreeks.
The English phase, or the phaseof realism, in which his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales was created. TheCanterbury Tales is the most important and famous one, which was written in therest time of his life. The poem is a collection of stories told by pilgrims whowere going to Canterburyfor pilgrimage and it covers all the major types of medieval literature such asthe courtly romance, folk tale, beast fable and so on. Chaucer describedcharacters of different classes. We can view the whole British society at thattime from these stories. All his works help to shape English literature.
2) Chaucer’s contribution:
Chaucer learned from both Frenchand Latin poetry and then worked out a unique style for the English poetry thathad absorbed nourishments from the more advanced European poetry of the timeand at the same time reserved its Anglo-Saxon poetic features. And the realismand humanistic concerns demonstrated in his works looked forward to the comingEnglish Renaissance.
Chaucer’s literary career wasalso closely related with the development of English. There were severaldialects in the spoken English of Chaucer’s time. But because he used theEnglish of the Londondialect to compose poetry, it became a literary language that is a languagerich and expressive enough to use for literary purposes. Today, we call theEnglish used and developed by Chaucer and his contemporaries Middle English,which was the foundation of modern English.

下载地址:http://free.100xuexi.com/Ebook/22939.html