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2013年天津外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解
2012年天津外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解
2011年天津外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解
2010年天津外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解
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2013年天津外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解
I. Directions: Translate the following words andexpressions into the respective target language. There are altogether 40 itemsin this part, 20 in English and 20 in Chinese, with one point for each. (40')
1.affluenza
2.back translation
3.brain drain
4.Buzzword
5.communication studies
6.cultural default
7.Davos Forum
8.dream team
9.Eurozone
10.IMF
11.NEET
12.netbook
13.OPEC
14.Reuters
15.sit-in
16.Skopos theory
17.SOHO
18.subtitling
19.think tank
20.Webzine
21.钓鱼岛
22.对外传播
23.翻译专业资格(水平)考试
24.峰会
25.公示语
26.宏观调控
27.开放包容
28.孔子课堂
29.绿色增长
30.民心工程
31.十八大
32.团购
33.务实合作
34.协同创新
35.月光族
36.战略性新兴产业
37.政府采购
38.政客
39.中小企业
40.中央文献
II. Directions: Translate the following twosource texts into their respective target language. (110')
Source Text 1: (55')
Whatever their political party, American leaders have generally subscribeto one of two competing economic philosophies One is a small-governmentJeffersonian perspective that abhors bigness and holds that prosperity flowsfrom competition among independent businessmen, farmers and other producers.The other is a Hamiltonian agenda that believes a large, powerful country needslarge, powerful organizations. The most important of those organizations is thefederal government, which serves as a crucial partner to private enterprise,building roads and schools, guaranteeing loans and financing scientificresearch in ways that individual businesses would not.
Today, of course, Republicans are the Jeffersonians and Democratsare the Hamiltonians. But it hasn't always been so. The Jeffersonian lineincludes Andrew Jackson, the leaders of the Confederacy, William JenningsBryan, Louis Brandeis, Barry Goldwater and Ronald Reagan. The Hamiltonian lineincludes George Washington, Henry Clay, Abraham Lincoln, William McKinley, bothRoosevelts and Dwight Eisenhower.
Michael Lind's “Land of Promise” Uses this divide to offer anambitious economic history of the United States, The book is rich with detailsmore than a few of them surprising and its subject is central to what isarguably the single most impotent question facing the country today: How canour economy grow more quickly, more sustainably and more equitably than it hasbeen growing, both to maintain the United States' position as the world'spre-eminent power and to improve the lives of its citizens?
Lind, a founder of the New America Foundation in Washington and theauthor of several political histories, acknowledges from the beginning that histhesis will make some readers uncomfortable. “In the spirit of philosophicalbipartisanship, it would be pleasant to conclude that each of these traditionsof political economy as made its own valuable contribution to the success ofthe American economy) and that the vector created by these opposing forces asbeen more beneficial than the complete victory of either would have been,” hewrites.
“But that would not be true,” he continues. “What is good about theAmerican economy is largely the result of the Hamiltonian developmentaltradition, and what is bad about it is largely the result of the Jeffersonianproducerist school.”
Source Text 2: (55')
粮食安全始终是人类生存发展面临的首要问题,“人人粮食安全”是基本人权。世界粮食安全面临越来越多的非传统挑战和日趋复杂的形势。世界粮食安全的薄弱环节在发展中国家。利用粮食等生产生物燃料对粮食安全的影响不容忽视,气候变化对粮食安全也带来长期挑战。
中国高度重视农业和粮食问题,坚持立足国内实现粮食基本自给的方针,通过加大资金投入、加强农田水利建设、加快农业科技进步等政策和措施,稳定提高粮食和农业综合生产能力。中国用占不到世界9%的耕地,解决了世界近21%人口的吃饭问题,提前实现了联合国千年发展目标(MDG)减贫目标。
中国政府在解决自身粮食安全问题的同时,还在南南合作框架内向有关发展中国家提供了力所能及的农业援助,包括建设农业技术示范中心、提供农业技术援助、提供紧急人道主义粮食援助等,为这些发展中国家提高粮食安全水平作出了自己的贡献。
参考答案及详解
I. Directions: Translate the following words andexpressions into the respective target language.
1.富人综合征,富裕病
2.回译
3.人才流失
4.时髦术语,流行新语
5.传播学
6.文化缺省
7.达沃斯论坛
8.最佳阵容
9.欧元区
10.国际货币基金组织
11. 尼特族(Not ineducation,employment or training,特指那些年龄大致在16到20多岁之 间,没有接受完整的初等教育,没有工作,也不去参加职业培训的年轻人。)
12.上网本
13.石油输出国组织
14.路透社
15.静坐
16.目的论
17. 在家上班族(SmallOffice/Home Office)
18.字幕
19.智囊团
20.网络杂志
21.Diaoyu Island
22.International communication
23.CATTI(China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters)
24.Summit
25.public signs
26.Macro-control
27.openness and inclusiveness
28.Confucius Classroom
29.Green Growth
30.Pro-people project
31.The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China
32.group purchase
33.practical cooperation
34.Collaborative innovation
35.moonlight clan
36.strategic emerging industries
37.government procurement
38.politician
39.Small and medium-sized enterprises(SME)
40.Party literature
II. Directions: Translate the following twosource texts into their respective target language.
Source Text 1:
美国领导人无论属于何种政治党派,一般只会追随两种相互对立的经济学派。一种是主张小政府的杰弗逊流派,该派痛恨大规模,认为繁荣来自独立的商人、农民与其他生产者之间的竞争。另一种是汉密尔顿流派,坚信一个强大的国家需要强大的组织机构。机构中最为重要的是联邦政府,是私营企业至关重要的合作伙伴,修建公路与学校、提供贷款,资助科研,所采取的方式个体企业难以企及。
当然,到了今天,共和党人就是杰弗逊派,民主党人则是汉密尔顿派。但也并非总是如此。属于杰弗逊流派的就有安德鲁·杰克逊、南部邦联各领导、威廉·詹宁斯·布赖恩、路易斯·布兰代斯、巴里·戈德华特与罗纳德·里根。属于汉密尔顿流派的有乔治·华盛顿、亨利·克莱、亚伯拉罕·林肯、威廉·麦金莱、老罗斯福和小罗斯福及德怀特·艾森豪威尔。
迈克尔·林德的《希望的乐土》以此作为分界线,写出一部宏阔的美国经济史。该书史料丰富,其中不少令人惊喜,而其主题则对可谓美国今日面对的唯一至关重要的问题影响重大:我们的经济怎样才能更快、更持续与更公平地发展,从而保持美国作为世界强国的地位并改善本国国民的生活?
林德是华盛顿新美基金会的创始人,著有多部政治史书籍,在本书中一开始他便坦承,自己的论点会使一些读者不太舒服。“本着哲学两派的精神,这些政治经济学流派对美国经济的成功各自做出了有价值的贡献,相互对立的作用力所产生的动力比任何一方的完胜更为有利,做出如此结论自然皆大欢喜,”他在书中写道。
“但其实不是这样,”他接着写道。“美国经济的优点,主要缘于汉密尔顿一派的发展观,而其缺点则大多源自杰弗逊一派的生产观。”
Source Text 2:
Food security has always been the primary task facing the survivaland development of human beings and “to ensure food security for everyone” hasbecome a fundamental human right. The world food security is confronted withmore and more non-traditional challenges as well as increasingly complicatedsituations. The weakness of the world food security lies in developingcountries. The impact of using grain for biofuel on food security should neverbe overlooked, while the climate change has also had a long-term bearing on thefood security.
China has attached great importance to agriculture and foodsecurity, insisting at the principle of relying on domestic production for thebasic suppliance of food. And through policies and incentives like increasedcapital investment, enhanced construction of water conservancy facilities forfarmland, accelerated progress in agricultural technology and etc, China hassteadily improved its ability for the production of food and comprehensiveproduction of agriculture. With cultivated land taking up less than 9% of theworld total, China has fed a population accounting for nearly 21% of the worldpopulation, realizing the poverty reduction goal of the MDG proposed by the UNin advance.
While solving its own food security problems, China has alsoprovided other relevant developing countries with available agriculturalassistance within the framework of South-South cooperation, including buildingdemonstration center for agricultural technology, offering support in term ofagricultural technology as well as humanitarian food aid in emergentsituations. In this way, China has contributed to improve the food securitysituation in these developing countries.
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