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2011年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解
2010年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解
2009年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解
2008年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解
2007年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解
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2011年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解
Part One ReadingComprehension (40 points)
I. Cloze Test (10 points)
Choose one of the four answers marked A, B, C, D tocomplete the article. Write your answer on the answer sheet.Be sure that the number of the answers inagreement with the number of the blanks.
Today, the worldwide web can be used both to (1) information andto make it (2) to others. Information (3)on web pages is viewed by (4) ofbrowser. The sources ofinformation linked in this way can be located on any computer (5)is also part of the web. Each information source (6) to anindefinite member of other web pages. Hypertext and hyperlinks allow users acting as receivers ofinformation to (7) from one source ofinformation to another, (8) for themselves whichinformation they wish to (9) to their browserand which links they want to (10) . The addresses of web pages can be found byusing the many hundreds of general and specialized search engines which provide (11) to databases which hold information on them. Once a web pages has been found,hyperlinks may point (12) other places (13)interest on the web. Addressesof web pages also (14) in other moreconventional media, such asmagazines, newspapers andtelevision programs, and onposters.
Web pages, in their (15) , facilitate access to information madeavailable by other (16) of media of example, collections held in libraries or programsbroadcast on television.
Most web pagesoffer interactive opportunities which go (17) merelyallowing visitors freedom as to when and how they visit a page and where theymight choose to go next. Feedback can be kept formal via a questionnaire whichcan be filled (18) , or informal by providing anaddress for e-mail or even by (19) a digitalguest book for comments left for other users to read. Although all web pages are protected so that unauthorized visitorscannot make unsolicited changes to them, it is also possible to (20) access to pages on the internet to those holding a password.
1. A. believe B.retrieve C.perceive D. conceive
2. A. available B.obtainable C. achievable D.amicable
3. A. displayed B.displaying C. displayable D.is displayed
4. A. medium B.vehicle C.agent D.means
5. A. what B.that C.which D. it
6. A. maybe linked B. may belinked C. may is linked D.may linked
7. A. wonder B.wander C.stray D.ramble
8. A. deciding B.decided C.decide D. todecided
9. A. transition B.transmit C.transform D. transfer
10. A. flip B.slip C.skip D.skim
11. A. success B.access C.assess D.possess
12. A. about B.on C.at D.to
13. A. on B.of C.in D.at
14. A. to appear B.appeared C. appearing D.appear
15. A. sequence B.order C.turn D.switch
16. A. modes B.forums C.shapes D. forms
17. A. beyond B.over C.against D.further
18. A. up B.out C.with D.over
19. A. install B.installed C.installing D. installs a
20. A. constrain B.confine C.restrict D. limit
【答案与解析】
1.B retrieve 检索; 恢复; 重新得到。perceive 觉察; 理解; 认知。conceive怀孕; 构思; 以为; 持有。
2.A make something available to 使…能得到某物。obtainable能得到的。achievable可完成的。amicable友好的。
3.A 展示在网页上的信息通过浏览器观看。信息是被展示在网页上, 所以用表示被动的过去分词displayed修饰information做主语。
4.D by means of 用…方式。
5.B that引导的定语从句修饰computer, 因为computer前有any修饰, 所以不能用which代替引导词that。
6.B be linked to与…相连。选项在句中充当谓语, 且may后应接动词原型, 所以选D。A选项中maybe, 可能, 为副词。
7.B wonder怀疑; 想知道。stray流浪; 迷路。wander和ramble都有“漫步，漫游，闲逛”的意思, 但wander指无目的地到处徘徊或闲荡, 而ramble一般指走走停停, 心情愉快, 步履轻松。
8.A deciding与前半句的acting为并列关系。超文本和超链接能让用户充当信息的接受者, 从一个信息资源逛到另一个信息资源, 并让用户自己决定他们希望转移到浏览器的信息。
9.D transfer 此题属于词义辨析题。四个选项都有“转移, 转换”的意思。transfer（常与to连用）迁移;调任; 转移。一般包含空间上的转移之意。transition (名词) 转变; 变化; 过渡; 变迁。transmit 传送; 传播; 传递; 传染; 播送; 发送。transform 使变形; 使改观; 转变; 改造。一般是看不出原来样子的“转化”。
10.C skip在本文中的含义为“(故意)遗漏, 漏掉”。近似含义还有, “不参加某项活动; 缺席”。flip轻弹; 弹投, 弹抛; 翻。俚语中有“发疯”的意思。slip滑落; 溜走; 忘记; 遗漏。skim撇去液体上的油质或固体物质; 浏览; 轻轻掠过, 轻擦而过。
11.B access进入; 通道。success,成功。assess 作动词, 评估。possess 作动词, 占有, 拥有。
12.D point to指向。point at一般有“指向某一特定点”之意。
13.B places of interest有意思的去处, 名胜。
14.D appear主语为复数名词addresses of webpages, 同时该句描述的为一般情况, 应该用动词appear的一般现在时, 即原形。
15.C in one’s turn, 是in turn (依次, 轮流)的另一种用法。
16.D form此处表示形式。mode强调模式,不是最佳选项。forum论坛, 讨论会, 会议场所。
17.A go beyond 超出。与merely相对应, 在句中表示不仅仅。多数网页(为网虫)提供互动的机会, 让那些访问的人在自主决定什么时候, 用什么方式来访问网页, 以及下一步点击哪里之外, 还能有更多选择。
18.B fill…out表示填写。fill…up意为“填满”。
19.C 介词by后面应该用动词install的现在分词形式。
20.D limit, restrict, confine这三个动词的一般含义为“限制”或“局限”。limit 指时、空、程度、量等方面的“限定”, 其内涵是如果超出了这种限度就会受罚或遭到令人不快的后果; 此外, 这个词也常用来表示“局限”。restrict区别于limit的地方在于, restrict“限制”的是范围, 而limit 侧重于表示“限制”到某个点。confine具有limit和restrict 两者的含义, 但confine 的内涵是“约束”或“束缚”。
II. Reading comprehension (30 points)
In this section there are three passagesfollowed by a total of fifteen multiple-choice questions. Read the passages andwrite your answer on the answer sheet.
Passage 1
Aside fromperpetuating itself, the sole purpose of the America Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters is to “foster, assist and sustain an interest" inliterature, music, and art. This it does by enthusiastically handingout money. Annual cash awardsare given to deserving artists in various categories of creativity: architecture, musical composition. theater, novels, serious poetry, light verse, painting, sculpture. One award subsidizes a promising Americanwriter’s visit to Rome. Thereis even an award for a very good work of fiction that failed commercially—once won by the young JohnUpdike for The poorhouse Fair and, more recently, by Alice Walker for inLove and Trouble.
The awards andprizes total about $750, 000 a year, but most of them range in sizefrom $5, 000 to $12, 500, a welcome sum to many young practitionerswhose work may not bring in that much in a year. One of the advantages of theawards is that many go to the struggling artist, rather than to those who arealready successful. Members of the Academy and Institute are not eligible for anycash prizes. Another advantageis that, unlike the National Endowment for the Arts or similar institutionsthroughout the world, there isno government money revolved.
Awards are madeby committee. Each of the threedepartments—Literature(120members), Art(83), Music(47) —has a committee dealing with its own field. Committee membership rotates every year sothat new voices and opinions are constantly heard.
The mostfinancially rewarding of all the Academy-Institute awards are the Mildred andHarold Strauss Livings. HaroldStrauss, a devoted editor atAlfred A. Knopf, the New York publishing house, and MildredStrauss, his wife, were wealthy may childless. They, left the Academy-Institute a uniquebequest: for five consecutiveyears, two distinguished (andfinancially needy)writers would receive enough money so they, could devotethemselves entirely to “prose literature”(no plays, no poetry, and no payingjob that might distract). In1983, the first Strauss Livingsof $35, 000 a year went to short-story writerRaymond Carver and novelist-essayist Cynthia Ozick. By 1988, the fundhad grown enough so that two winners, novelists Diane Johnson and Robert Stone, each got $50,000 a year for five years.
1.What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Award-winning works of literature.
B. An organization that supports the arts.
C. The life of an artist.
D. Individual patrons of the arts.
2. The word “sole” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to.
A. only
B. honorable
C. common
D. official
3. Which of the following can be inferred about Alive Walker’s bookIn Love and Trouble?
A. It sold more copies than The Poorhouse Fair.
B. It described the author’s visit to Rome.
C. It was a commercial success.
D. It was published after The Poorhouse Fair.
4. Each year the awards and prizes offered by the Academy-Institutetotal approximately .
A. $12, 500
B. S35, 000
C. $50, 000
D. $750, 000
5. Where in the passage does the author cite the goal of theAcademy-Institute?
A. Lines 1-3
B. Lines 12-13
C. Line 19-20
D. Line 22-23
【答案与解析】
1.B 文章首句表明了America Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters支持艺术的目的, 而后整篇文章围绕此组织如何支持阐述，所以选项B正确。
2.A sole仅仅, 单独。
3.D 第一段最后一句中指出Alice Walker获奖时间比John Updike更晚（more recently）。他们所获奖项专为在商业上失败但很优秀的小说设置, 所以C项错误。A项和B项在文中并未提及。
4.D 第二段第一句明确提出每年用于奖项的总支出大约为$750, 000。
5.A 在首段第一句中明确指出Academy-Institute的目的除了维持本身运转, 就是“foster,assist and sustain an interest" in literature, music, and art.
Passage 2
You may thinkthat the shabby wanderer who comes to the back door for a handout has no placein society. Actually he belongsto a society of his own. It isa fellowship with its own customs, educational system, community centers and even its own language. It was this basis of the wanderer’s life,this hobo code of the road, thatfirst aroused my interest in the men who use it.
One morning Iwatched as my neighbor came down the highway and turned into my barn road. To my surprise, he stopped near the barn and studied something for a moment. As he neared the house, be laughed loudly and shouted, “How do youlike feeding every bum in the vicinity?”
I conceded thatwe had been feeding an unusually large number of hungry tramps and hobos lately. Times must be getting harder, I explained,for most of the men who came to our door said that theycouldn’t find work anywhere.
“It’s not hardtimes that brings them here,” grinnedmy neighbor. “You’ve got a signon your barn advertising that your wife has a soft heart and falls for ahard-luck story.”
“What sign?”Naturally I was startled, and I demanded that he explain. Still laughing a little, he beckoned metoward the barn and showed me the sign scrawled there. It was just a crude chalk drawing of a fat cat and some triangles,the kind any kindergarten child might produce, but my neighbor assured me thatfor all the hobos and tramps who came by, the cryptic symbols were clear. They indicated that any passerby couldprobably get a handout here. Thecat meant “kind woman”, thetriangles could be translated as “A sob story will win a handout.” One of ourfirst “guests” had left this message for those who followed him. That incident was my introduction to thesecret hobo code, and itstarted me doing some fascinating research. I found that the hobo code is anextremely simple one. It usesneither numbers nor letters; allthe code symbols are rough drawings that look like a child’s first efforts witha crayon. A circle, for instance, means “Nothing doing—no handouts here”, two lines pointing upward mean “The sky is thelimit—the peoplehere are generous Indeed.” Thesimple symbols are quite incomprehensible to persons who have not been taughtthe code, but they areimmediately understood by hobos everywhere. The hobo picture language is an old code and one that is worldwide. It was probably brought to the United States from Europe at least a hundred years ago. Old-timers in the hobo jungles, or camps, teach itto the young punks—thosewho are new on the road. Forall the men who regularly tramp the roads, the code is an almost indispensable tool for living.
Most people usethe terms hobo, tramp, and bum interchangeably to describe anywanderer who asks for a handout. Actually, although all three types of men may follow the roads,there are differences between them. St John Tucker, former president of the Hobo College in Chicago, defines the hobo as a “migratoryworker,” the tramp as a “migatory, nonworker,” and the bum as a “stationarynonworker.” Another authority,Dr. Ben L. Reitman, makes just about the samedistinction. He says, “The hobo works and wanders, the tramp dreams and wanders, and the bum drinks and wanders.” Both agree that the hobo differs from thetramp and the bum principally in that he is actually a worker. He may not remain in any one place forlong, but he earns most of his living legitimately.
There are manyreasons why a man may become a hobo. Hard times or seasonal unemployment may force unskilled workers totake to the roads in search of jobs. Low mentality; physicalhandicaps, or old age may makesteady work impossible for some men. Discrimination because of race, color, or creed may be an obstacle forothers. Many men who becomehobos are unable to hold a steady job because of severe personality problems, alcoholism, drug addiction, orsimply the inability to get along with others. Then there are some—and they are numerous—who tramp the roads because ofan overwhelming wanderlust, or restlessness.
When offered hischoice of two jobs, the hobo will usually head for the one farthest from wherehe is. He does serve society inhis travels; many industries, including lumbering, mining, andagriculture, make use of himduring their busy seasons. Furthermore, whenever a catastrophe occurs—fire, flood, or earthquake—the hobo is on call for work.He constantly seeks variety of experience, something to brag about back in the jungles where he joins hisfellows at night.
One of the basicappeals of the hobo camp is the fact that here the rover can brag about, andmagnify, his exploits far his peers. The camp is usually located in a secluded spot near the railroadtracks at the edge of town. Itis the hobo’s service center, the place where he can eat the community mulliganstew, wash his clothes, sleep, and exchange, travel and job informationon easy towns and hard cops.
The camp alsoserves as a school for those who are learning to beg when they want to, workwhen they must, and pilfer when they can. At one time these knights of the road had a secret grip, a handshake that consisted of pressing thethumbnail in the back of the other fellow’s hand; if he were a hobo, hewould respond by grasping the middle and index fingers in return. Another way, a hobo could identify himself to a kindred roamer was to scratch hischin with his right hand and then pull his right ear. The other hobo’s sign of recognition was a clenched fist placed overthe heart. If a policeman orsome other enemy, wasapproaching, one hobo could signal another by pressing the back of his headwith either hand and then putting the back of that hand to his mouth.
These ritualsare no longer in general use among the hobos; they are not often taught in the hobo jungles today. In the new, streamlined “curriculum,” effort is concentrated on teaching thenovice(be he hobo, tramp, or burn)the secret code signs of the road.
In most ways, however, the private world of the wandererremains the same. His code, hiscamps, his nature change butlittle. He goes from town totown searching for handouts jobs, adventure, andexcitement. He seeks the everchanging scenery of the road.
6. Most of the writer’s information for this article probably came from.
A. a helpful neighbor
B. research in books
C. talks with hobs
D. a survey
7.Many men might not become hobo .
A. free food were provided for them
B. more skilled jobs were available
C. there was better education system
D. personality problems were solved
8. Hobos and tramps are alike in that they both.
A. refuse to work
B. prefer solitude
C. are restless
D. cannot hold a steady job
9.The writer thinks that the hobo is .
A. usually a burden to society
B. sometimes a useful citizen
C. often a man to be envied
D. always a burden to society
10. The writer intended this article to.
A. provide interesting information
B. teach readers the hobo code
C. make people aware of a social problem
D. tell us the difference between the hobo, the tramp and the bum
【答案与解析】
6.B 第五段句子“That incident was my introduction to thesecret hobo code, and it started me doing some fascinating research.”表明邻居的话只是激起了作者的好奇心, 真正的信息来自作者的调查。
7.D 第七段解释了人们成为hobo的原因。倒数第二句提到许多人成为hobos只是因为性格问题, 所以选D。
8.D 第六段说明了hobos, tramp和bum的区别。其中hobo在不同地方游荡工作, 而tramp在不同地方游荡但不工作。所以选D, 他们都没有稳定的工作。
9.B 第九段展示了hobos工作的一些情况, 在第一句就明确表明他们在旅行中服务社会。
10.A B项和D项以偏概全, 作者意在提供一些关于流浪汉的有意思的信息, 并不在于揭示社会问题。
Passage 3
Palmyra, a once splendid city whose ruins in the Syrian desert can still beseen, was the capital of one ofthe most unusual rulers in history. She was Zenobia, whocalled herself Queen of the East.
Zenobia was bornin the desert of eastern Syria about A. D. 220. Her father,Zabbai, was an Arab Bedouin chieftain. Her mother was a beautiful Greek woman who proudly claimed Cleopatraas an ancestor.
The girl’s earlyhome was a goat-hair tent, pitched now in the sands, now beside some oasis in the shadow of the palms. While Zenobia was still very young, her parents realized that she had beengreatly blessed. Zabbai’speople had never seen such a beautiful child. In addition to her beauty she had strength and intelligence. By the time she was twelve years old, shehad learned to ride a camel as far and as fast as anyone in the tribe, and she already showed signs of thequalifies of leadership that were to make her a proud and powerful queen.
At that time theeastern half of Syria was ruled by the city of Palmyra, an oasis at thejunction of the great desert caravan routes. Through Palmyra traveled the riches of the East on their way to themarkets of the West-Greek, Jewish, Arab, and Syrian merchants can3e to trade silks, carpets, dates, and grain. The city was a rich prize, and eventually it was seized by the Romans.
Odenathus wasthe ruler of Palmyra. Althoughthe Romans had given him his power, Rome was far away, and he was ambitious.Little by little he took the government away from Rome and into his own hands. Finally he planned a revolt and made ripsinto the desert to recruit and train tribesmen to fight with him. It was on one of these trips that he metZenobia. The prince wascaptivated by this beautiful, wild-riding girl, and asked Zabbai for her hand. They were married in a lavishceremony and dark-eyed Zenobia, at the age of eighteen,moved to Palmyra to live in a carved stone palace.
In time they hadthree sons and several daughters. Zenobia saw to it that her children were well educated: she even brought the philosopher Longinusfrom Rome to be their tutor.
The young queentook an interest in all the affairs of state. She impressed the ministers with her shrewd judgment and the armygenerals with her daring. She learned to plan military campaigns and to drilland lead the Arab soldiers. Shelearned to plan military, campaignsand to drill and lead the Araab soldiers. She herself led a charge against the Persians, whose armies had been threatening Palmyra from the east. Encouraged by thissuccess, Odenathus and Zenobiaattacked a Roman army in northern Syria; the daring plan worked, and the enemywas destroyed.
Amazed andfrightened at these victories, the states neighboring on the Syrian desertjoined forces with Palmyra. At the height of this success, however, Odenathus was murdered. Zenobia was left to rule alone. She proclaimed herself absolute
monarch of Palmyra and added the proudtitle, Queen of the East.
The widowedqueen looked about for new worlds to conquer. To the southwest lay rich, civilized Egypt. She sent seventy thousand of her troops to the Nile, and they seized the country after onevictorious battle. No armyseemed able to withstand Zenobia’s might. Astride her white camel, her purple cloak flying, she led her cavalry, across the sands from one victory to another.Syria, Egypt, Arabia, Palestine,Persia, Asia Minor—all fell before the Bedouin queen: By the time she was forty years old she ruled nearly half of Rome’s former empire.
Zenobia waspopular in her adopted city-state. Homage, wealth, andglory poured into Palmyra, and the city promised to become the Rome of Asia. Artists and poets traveled to the desertkingdom from Europe and the East. White temples and palaces gleamed across the dose. Camel caravans, laden with riches,wound in and out of the city gates. Everywhere the people cheered Zenobia asshe rode fearlessly about thecity.
Zenobia knewthat Rome’s power and pride could not be ignored: a final clash must come. Rome, aroused by Palmyra’s rebellion: victories, and growing might,was preparing to fight for the mastery of the Easternworld. The Syrian queen made preparations too. She bolstered the strength of her armies and built fortresses on thefrontiers:
When the Romanssent a general and their best troops to humble the proud queen, they underestimated Zenobia’s military, skill. It was the Roman general who was humbled, and Roman soldiers who were killed. A second many was sent against Zenobia. This time she met her match in Aurelian, the general who was laterto become emperor of Rome. TheArab cavalry that had swept from the black Sea to the Nile went down before hisveteran troops. Zenobia and theremnants of her forces retreated inside Palmyra’s walls;there Zenobia vowed that she would die rather thansurrender. When Aurelianoffered to spare the city upon her surroundings she mockingly refused. During the desperate siege that followed: Zenobia moved about the ramparts,encouraging her soldiers and fighting with her own spear where there was need. However, even her courage anddetermination were not enough. The city’s food supply gave out; the army was weakened by starvation.Unless Zenobia could enlist the aid of the Persians, Palmyra was doomed. She resolved to escape and seek aid from Persia herself.
Under cover of adark night, she and a few followers lowered themselves into the Roman camp atthe foot of the wall. Theycrept past the Roman sentries, mountedcamels, and turned east toward the Euphrates River. Riding by night an hiding by day, they finally came within, sight ofpalms ahead—thepalms that marked the banks of the Euphrates. Across the river was Persia—and safety. Looking back, Zenobia saw the Romans inpursuit. Frantically, she shouted at a fisherman to come and fetch her. He waspuzzled, but he turned his boatand rowed toward her. TheRomans arrived before he could reach the shore.
Aurelian tookthe defeated queen and many other prisoners to Rome. There, bound in goldchains, the Queen of the East marched behind his chariot in his triumphalparade—a bitterexperience for the queen who had once dreamed of conquering Rome. Aureliantreated his distinguished captive generously, presenting her with a handsomevilla near Rome. There she was allowed to live out her days peacefully as aRoman matron.
The empire ofthe East crumbled with the fall of Palmyra and the capture of its queen. Thesplendor and pomp of Palmyra became only a memory. But the name of Zenobia still remains a symbol of glory and pride.
11.The states neighboring on the Syrian dmort joined forces with Palmyra because they .
A. were afraid that they would be taken by force
B. admired Zenobia
C. saw a way to make a profit for themselves
D. admired Odenathus
12.Zenobia knew that Rome would try to reconquer Palmyra because_____.
A. she had made it a rich city
B. Rome was jealous of her power.
C. she had taken away all of Rome's empire
D. Both B and C
13. Palmya showed promise of becoming the Romeof Asia .
A. after Zenobiabuilt her empire
B. during the time that Odenathus ruled
C. after the Romans took it and settled there
D. None of the above.
14. Zenobia’s last noble deed as a general was.
A. enlisting the aid of the Persians
B. building frontier fortresses
C. refusing Aurelian’s mercy
D. to vow that she would die rather than surrender and she kept herpromise.
15.The word “pitched”in paragraph 3 means .
A. thrown
B. aimed
C. setup
D. dug
【答案与解析】
11.A 从第八段首句可知他们是因为畏惧才投靠Palmyra。
12.D 从第十一段可知Rome是因为Palmyra的背叛和胜利才发起战争, 所以选项D正确。
13.A 从第十段第二句可知在 Zenobia建立自己的政权以后, 通过不断的征服, 最终让Palmyra城市不断繁荣, 有成为亚洲的罗马的希望。
14.A 故事以Zenobia请求援兵失败被捕结束, 并接受了罗马提供给她的特殊待遇, 所以选项A正确。
15.C pitched 指Zenobia曾经住过的类似的帐篷现在仍矗立在沙漠中。
Part Two English-ChineseTranslation (30 points)
Translate the following passages intoChinese. Eachtranslated passage will account for 15 points. Give the number of the passageon your answer sheet.
Passage 1
Books are the best of things, well used; abused, among the worst. What is the right use? What is the one end which all means go toeffect? They are for nothing but to inspire. I had better never see a book, than to be warped by its attractionclean out of my own orbit, and made a satellite instead of a system. The one thing in the world, of value, is the active soul.This every man is entitled to; this every man contains within him, although in almost all menobstructed and as yet unborn.
【参考译文】
书能善读时, 是最好的, 如果滥用, 就是有害的。什么是善用？什么是阅读的目的？什么是各种手段都要施加影响的终点？它就是启迪心智, 除此无他。如果我的思想为书本吸引被完全束缚, 无法循着自我的轨道运行, 成为他人思想的卫星而不是自我的星系, 我宁愿一本书也不读。活跃的心灵是这世上最宝贵的。每个人都有拥有它的权利, 它也就在每个人的心间。尽管, 对于大多数人,这一心灵被禁锢了, 或者尚未诞生。
Passage 2
A bookcasereaches from the floor to the ceiling. It is filled with medical books of every thickness and color. On thetop shelf of the ease stands a long row of literary works, among whichmay be mentioned The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey, Chaucer, The Tragical History of Doctor Faustuby Christopher Marlowe, Ivanhoe by Sir Walter Scott, The Old Curious Shop by Charles Dickens, Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift, Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, Waldenby Henry David Thoreau, TheBlithedale Romance by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Moby Dickby Herman Melville, The Sound and Fury by William Faulkner,Catch 22 by Joseph Holler, and Song of Solomon by Toni Monrrison.
【参考译文】
书柜从地板一直到天花板, 各种厚度颜色的医学书籍囊列其中。在在顶架上一长排的文学作品从容摆放, 其中可能提及的有杰弗里·乔叟的《坎特伯雷故事集》、克里斯托夫·弗马洛的《浮士德博士的悲剧》、瓦尔特·司各特爵士《艾凡赫》、查尔斯狄更斯的《老古玩店》、乔纳森·斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》、简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》、亨利·大卫·梭罗的《瓦尔登湖》、纳撒尼尔·霍桑的《福谷传奇》、赫尔曼·麦尔维尔的《白鲸记》、威廉·福克纳的《喧哗与骚动》、约瑟夫·海勒的《第22条军规》和托尼·莫里森的《所罗门之歌》。
Part Three Chinese-EnglishTranslation (30 points)
Translate the following passages intoEnglish. Eachtranslated passage will account for 15 points. Give the number of the passage on your answer sheet.
Passage 1
自然环境塑造文化。人、自然环境和文化相互影响, 构成一个互动的三角。人有自我意识, 有主观能动性,且高于自然, 有智慧, 甚至可以说“人为万物之灵”。人作用于自然之上而创造文化, 可是他永远不能游离于自然而置身其外; 相对可以说, 人在生物圈中只不过是微小的一部分, 他受到相当程度的制约和束缚。他只能顺应自然, 在其限定的范围内发挥作用, 而他所创造的文化也要受到物质世界的制约。
【参考译文】
Naturalenvironment molds culture. Man, natural environment and culture interact witheach other and constitute an interactive triangle relationship. Man has a senseof individuality and is possessed with subjective initiative and wisdom. Man isbeyond nature and we can even say “man is the highest of creation”. The actionof man upon nature create culture, but he can never be isolated from nature;respectively speaking, man is only a small part in the biosphere and isconfined to some degree. Man can only adapt himself to nature and act in thedefinitive scope. Even the culture he creates is also limited by the physicalworld.
Passage 2
《老子》又称《道德经》, 是春秋时期一位叫老聃的隐者所作, 只有5000多个汉字, 共81章, 分为道篇和德篇两部分。虽然简短, 但以它为基础, 中国古代产生了与儒家并列的哲学派别道家; 根据它的思想, 中国古代产生了以老子为始祖的宗教派别道教, 这是华夏民族本土产生的最具影响力的宗教。老子的思想直接影响了中国人的民族特性、思想倾向和审美趣味。直到今天, 老子还在参与这个民族的思想。
【参考译文】
Lao Tzu, also called Tao Te Ching, waswritten by a hermit named Lao Dan in the Spring and Autumn Period. This book,including 81 chapters with only about 5000 Chinese characters, is divided intotwo section—Tao andTe. Simple as it is, another philosophical school Taoism, which was on a parwith Confucian in ancient China, was established on the basis of its thoughts.Taoism is the most influential native religion produced in China. The thoughts of Lao Tzu have a direct influence on the Chinese’s national characteristics,ideology and aesthetic interest. Until now, Lao Tzu still plays a role in thenation’s thoughts.
Part Four EnglishWriting (50 points)
Directions: Write an essay of noless than 300 words in response to the story below:
Rosary
By Robert Kelly
Here is a manwalking on a road under the half-moon. The trees are tall and well-furred; the light is little. In his left hand, sometimesswinging at his side and sometimes held lightly poised over his heart, hecounts the crystal beads of a rosary. After a quarter of a mile of dark road, he passes a large buildingof some hard to determine kind. In a ground floor wing, one room is brightly lit; near a window sits a woman with glossyblack hair, bent to some papers. The man admires the profile, the hair, the air of industriousness. He likes people who work hard. He walks on, dismissingthe notion of rapping on window or door and chatting with the woman. It must be frightening to be a woman alonein a building at night, when the building itself is alone in the countryside, nothing for half a mile round except treesand a man with crystal beads in his hand and the young deer he had seen crossthe road in front of him a few minutes back. She would be scared if I knocked, he thought, and walked on.
Now it may bethat before the man had drawn abreast of the window the woman had seen himcoming, had looked out casually from a darkened window in another room and seenthis man stepping up the intermittently moonlit road. It may be that the gleam of crystal in his hand seemed to her thegleam of moon on dagger. It maybe that she longed for this silent shadowy assassin to come destroy her, torescue her from hard work or loneliness or her glossy hair. It may be that she posed at the lightedwindow to woo his attention, andlong after he passed still hoped he might be lurking in the rhododendrons. Perhaps ten minutes later she bravely,desperately stepped out of the unbolted door and stood on the lawn and saw noone but the same deer browsing under the fruit trees. Or not the same: whocan tell one animal from another?
【参考范文】
Indefiniteness of Imagination
It seems thatlife is a linear road and we born, we live and we die. However, in this essay“Rosary” by Robert Kelly, we see a life with indefinite possibility; under thevague moonlight, the man’s and the woman’s imagination wanders and shows anindefinite world, in which life is more intense and more colorful than thequiet life it is.
Indefinitenessseems to be more beautiful than the real life. Imagination can help to create amore desirable world in our mind. The man under the half moon wanted to knockat the door and had an interesting chatting with the woman and also, the womandesired to destroy this loneliness and quietness and to have an eventful andmore intense evening. Their imagination seems to make their respective lifemore wonderful.
However, becauseof this indefiniteness, our real life also becomes more beautiful. Though theman just walked away silently, and also, the woman just sit quietly beside thewidow, isn’t it also very beautiful that the care that the man shows to thewoman and the beautiful picture that the women left to the man? Theindefiniteness of imagination enriches our life and makes it beautiful inanother way.
Maybe they willhave a interesting night together. Maybe they will become good friends becauseof this encounter or maybe they just become each other’s passerby. Who knows?But life is on and never be dull with this indefiniteness.
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