1． 常用前缀：
a) 表示“否定”的前缀：un-, il-, ir-, in-, im-, non-, mal-, dis-
un-: likely-unlikely satisfactory-unsatisfactory employed-unemployed
il-: legal-illegal literate-illiterate logical-illogical
ir-: rational-irrational responsible-irresponsible regular-irregular
in-: dependent-independent flexible-inflexible definite-indefinite
inflexible courage不屈不挠的勇气an inflexible rule硬性规定; 不可变更的规则
accurate-inaccurate adequate-inadequate sufficient-insufficient
im-: patient-impatient partial-impartial mediate-immediate
non-: religious-nonreligious sense-nonsense astronaut-nonastronaut
mal: function-malfunction treat-maltreat nutrition-malnutrition
dis-: like-dislike use-disuse regard-disregard
b) 表示“错误地”的前缀
mis-: leading-misleading understand-misunderstand fortune-misfortune
c) 表示“超过、过度”的前缀
over-：overbid 出价过高 overdraw 透支 overestimate 过高估计overload 超载 overtake “拿翻” overthrow推翻
d) 表示“不足、低于”：
under-: underestimate 估计不足 line-underline强调
e) 表示“半”：
semi-: final-semifinal final-semiconductor
f) 表示“相互”：
inter-: act-interact national-international connection-interconnection
g) 表示“小”：
mini-: minibus miniskirt
h) 表示“多”
multi-: multitude multiply
2．常用后缀
a) 形容词后缀
-able/-ible: avail-available value-valuable profit-profitable
resist-resistible sense-sensible rely-reliable
-al: emotion-emotional agriculture-agricultural spirit-spiritual margin-marginal
-tic: diplomacy-diplomatic democracy-democratic
-ous/-eous/-ious: fame-famous luxury-luxurious advantage-advantageous
-ful: use-useful watch-watchful
-less: hopeless fearless regard-regardless stain-stainless
-y: hair-hairy wit-witty sun-sunny noise-noisy
-ic/ical: hero-heroic economy-economical metal-metallic analysis-analytic(al)
d) 名词后缀：
-ty /-ity: loyal-loyalty cruel-cruelty minor-minority major-majority
-ment: manage-management invest-investment install-installment
-tion/-sion/ation: invent-invention devote-devotion interact-interaction
: invade-invasion emit-emission divide-division
determine-determination confront-confrontation transport-transportation
-or/-er: insulate-insulator instruct-instructor educate-educator
contain-container compose-composer supply-supplier
-ness: sick-sickness easy-easiness
-hood: child-childhood neighbor-neighborhood
-ance/-ence: disappear-disappearance exist-existence
-ant/-ent: apply-applicant correspond-correspondent
-al: arrive-arrival dismiss-dismissal survive-survival approve-approval
3. 串烧式记忆：利用词汇形近、意近、反义、词性不同扩大词汇量
a) 对比记忆： junior-senior inferior-superior subordinate-supervisor
publish-public-publication-publicity
b) 词串记忆：
condemn blame reproach charge accuse convict fine
suspicious uncertain questionable unbelievable ambiguous obscure indefinite
legal constitutional lawful legitimate 反illegal illegitimate unlawful
predecessor ancestor forefather 反 successor inheritor
efficient effectual sufficient competent capable反inefficient
confident trustful sure positive ----形近confidential（private secret
eliminate exclude delete get rid of wipe out remove cancel
literally actually really word by word
literate literacy 反 illiterate ignorant innocent uneducated untaught
literary literature
intelligent brilliant smart bright rational 反 ignorant innocent idiot irrational
intellectual
intelligence-wit-information
4．紫薇斗数法记忆：利用谐音、象形、情景联想记忆构词规律不清晰的单词
意会：hesitate “他坐下吃”吃什么呢？……“犹豫啊”
headline “头上一行字”，当然是“大标题”
portray “破盘子”潦倒的画家端着“画画”
depress “往下压”，使人“压抑、沮丧”
deserve “得服务”是“应该得到”的
谐音： depend 音“peng”靠人家 defend“踢翻”
fundamental“找到一个馒头” sentimental“三屉馒头”
fashion “发式” pollute “破路”，污染造成
humble hamper “憨包”所以“谦卑” 并“阻碍” 别人
headquarters “脑袋磕头”，当然是“司令部”
ignore “一个不认识”，当然“无知” |
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