一、英语知识运用
08年考研真题第三段
This group generally do well in IQ tests, 9 scoring 12-15 points above the 10 mean value of 100, and have contributed 11disproportionately to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12careers of their elites, including several worldrenowned scientists, 13 affirm. They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 however, have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 put down to social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 valuing education. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 consequence of genetic isolation. Dr Cochran suggests that the intelligence and the diseases are intimately 18 linked. His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 subjected them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 paradoxical state of affairs.
答案分析
<考研真相>
9.[答案]B
[解析]词义辨析题。从空格后面的“高出…12 到 15分”。可知,空格处的动词的意思是“得分”。B选项score作为动词意思是“得分”。所以选B。attain和reach强调到达某种高度,或者某种状态,calculate的意思是“通过计算或运算以解决疑难的题目或问题”,后面都不能接表示一段分数区间的短语。故答案选B。
<英语思路>
9.[A] attaining获得,赢得;达到(某年龄、级别等) [B] scoring(在游戏、竞赛等中)得分
[C] reaching达到(某水平、标准),实现(目标) [D] calculating计算,核算
[解析] 本题考核的知识点是:分词结构做状语+动宾搭配。
第三段首句很长,结构较复杂,而且设置了五个题,因此理清句子结构非常重要。该句的主干是This group generally do well in IQ tests and have contributed to the intellectual and cultural life of the West。从备选项可知,空格所在部分是分词结构,即,9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100,它在句中做状语。从句子结构分析中得到的解题线索是:一,由于分词做状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分,因此空格处填入的分词动词应与主语this group相搭配。二,该分词动词所接的宾语是points。
接着对备选项中的中心动词进行辨析。attain意为to succeed in achieving sth after trying for a long time; to reach a particular level, age or size etc “获得,赢得;达到”,如:to attain positions of power(获得权位);After a year she had attained her ideal weight.(她经过一年时间达到了理想的体重。)score意为“(在游戏、竞赛等中)得分”,如:A bullseye scores 50 points.(击中靶心可得50分。)reach意为“达到(某水平、标准),实现(目标)”,如:wind speeds reaching over 100 mph(达到每小时100英里以上的风速)。calculate意为“计算,核算”,如:Oil prices are calculated in dollars.(油价以美元计算。)根据句意及动宾搭配,只有scoring填入后表示“在IQ测试中得分”,因此选[B],其他三项均无此意,应排除。
[ 本帖最后由 鱼之乐 于 2008-4-8 19:27 编辑 ] |